Location: Mt. Olive & Boyd Street in Cusseta, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  September 14, 2002

Constructed in 1902, this two-story fireproof facility was built to replace the previous two-story log jail. The Pauly Jail and Manufacturing Company of St. Louis, Missouri constructed the jail for $5,000. Romanesque influences such as the arched windows and door openings with an extended central bay enhance the exterior appearance of the building. The original prefabricated iron cells, with unique corner fireplaces, are located on the second floor. The jail served the county until 1975. It was placed on the National Register of HistoricPlaces on March 13, 1986.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Chattahoochee County Historic Preservation Society 2002.

This jail is situated on property that was purchased soon after the county was created on February 13, 1854. Mr. Asbury Bryan was paid $1,250 for the original two-story log jail that was completed by July 20, 1855, under the supervision of Sheriff Silas Brown. The dimensions of the log structure were eighteen by twenty-two feet with fifteen inches separating the double walls. The jail was used continuously until the new facility was completed in 1902. At that time LaFayette Harp served as sheriff.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Chattahoochee County Historic Preservation Society 2002.

Location: Kasihta Park, Broad Street, Cusseta, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  March 19, 2007

On this site, a brick school building was erected in 1911 on land purchased from G. W. King, Sr. A resolution was passed on June 6, 1922 to consolidate Big Sandy, Liberty Hill, Renfroe, and Providence Schools with Cusseta. In 1929, all high schools were transferred to Cusseta. Two classrooms were added in 1924 and in 1930. In 1935-1936, a gymnasium with two rooms and a lunchroom, a two-room agricultural building, two rest rooms and shower baths were added. The wooden auditorium, upstairs, was converted into four rooms. In 1938, electric lights were installed and most of the building as renovated. The school was destroyed by fire in 1969.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Chattahoochee County Historical Society, and Cusseta High School Alumni and Friends 2006

Location: Located at Austin Loop and Vibbert Avenue, Fort Benning, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  April 20, 1990

October 14, 1890-March 28, 1969

The 34th President of the United States, Dwight D. Eisenhower, lived with his family at 206 Austin Loop, while stationed at Fort Benning as a major from 1926-1927. During that time, he served as executive office of the 24th Infantry and commanded the 2nd Battalion. He also coached the Fort Benning Doughboy football team to an all-Army championship. Dwight D. Eisenhower was born to Ida and David Eisenhower in Denison Texas on October 14, 1890. In 1891, he and his family moved to Abilene, Kansas. He was assigned to Fort Sam Houston, Texas, where he met and married Mamie Geneva Doud in 1916.

Erected by the AUSA and the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1990.

October 14, 1890-March 28, 1969

By 1918, Eisenhower was a lieutenant colonel battalion commander, but two years later as a captain, in a small peace-time Army, he nearly go out when not selected to attend the Infantry Officer's Course. He did attend Command and General Staff School, and was first in his class. During WWII, he commanded the Allied invasion of North Africa, the Italian Campaign, and all Allied expeditionary forces during the June 6, 1944 Normandy Invasion. After the war, he served as Chief of Staff of the Army and Supreme Commander of NATO. He was inaugurated as President in 1953, and served two terms. He died in Walter Reed Army Medical Center, March 28, 1969.

Erected by the AUSA and the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1990.

Location: In front of the VIP Headquarters, Richardson Circle, Fort Benning, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  March 31, 1982

Kasihta or Cusseta Town, an important Creek Nation market, played a part in American Revolutionary affairs. In 1780 British Colonel John Tate recruited a large force of local Indians for duty with the British in their defense of Augusta, Georgia. Colonel Tate became ill during the march to Augusta; was returned to Kasihta; died, and was buried on what is now the Fort Benning Military Reservation.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1980.

Established following World War One, this post occupies former Indian lands sold during the Georgia Land Lottery of 1827. John Woolfolk consolidated small land holdings in 1843. Benjamin Hatcher acquired the property in 1883. Arthur Bussey purchased the plantation in 1907, selling it to the Federal Government in 1919. Benning now occupies some 180,000 acres in Georgia and Alabama, most of which are in Chattahoochee County.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1980.

Location: In front of the National Infantry Museum, Baltzell Avenue, Fort Benning, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  March 31, 1982

In 1923, the U.S. Congress appropriated funds for the erection of a hospital at Fort Benning. The hospital complex, consisting of ten buildings, was opened in 1925. During World War Two as many as 36, 000 wounded per year received care at this facility. In 1951, during the Korean War, 25, 000 casualties were treated. Following the 1958 opening of a new hospital this complex served as and outpatient clinic until 1975 when the main building was designated the permanent home of the National Infantry Museum.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1980

The National Infantry Museum was established here at the U.S. Army's Infantry Center in October 1959. The purpose of the Museum is to honor the infantryman and his more that two centuries of proud service to the nation. The Museum also reflects the history of Fort Benning which was established October 1918. The collection is comprised of weapons, uniforms and accouterments used by the U.S. infantrymen is each of our military engagements. Foreign artifacts as well as military related objects of art are also on display. The Doughboy - Dog Faced Soldier – Infantryman. The Museum is dedicated to his honor.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1980

Location: In front of Building 76, Anderson Street, Fort Benning, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1991

On 15 December 1919, War Department Orders established the Infantry Board as a development and testing laboratory with permanent station at Fort Benning, Georgia. The Board's mission was to consider, with continuity of effort the improvement of the Infantry. The history of the Infantry Board has been coincident with that of the Infantry Center and Fort Benning, "The Home of the Infantry".

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Fort Benning Infantry Board, 1991.

From its very beginning, the Infantry Board was concerned with everything the Infantry Soldier used. Whether he shot it, rode in it, slept in it, ate it, wore it, or used it to accomplish his tactical missions, the Infantryman operating under combat conditions used products that had been tested by the Infantry Board. In consonance with its mission, the Infantry Board's motto was "ONLY THE BEST FOR THE FINEST!" From 1946 to 1991 the Infantry Board was headquartered in Building 76, on Anderson Street. The Infantry Board was discontinued effective 23 March 1991.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Fort Benning Infantry Board, 1991.

Location: In front of Building 76, Anderson Street, Fort Benning, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1991

On 15 December 1919, War Department Orders established the Infantry Board as a development and testing laboratory with permanent station at Fort Benning, Georgia. The Board's mission was to consider, with continuity of effort the improvement of the Infantry. The history of the Infantry Board has been coincident with that of the Infantry Center and Fort Benning, "The Home of the Infantry".

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Fort Benning Infantry Board, 1991.

From its very beginning, the Infantry Board was concerned with everything the Infantry Soldier used. Whether he shot it, rode in it, slept in it, ate it, wore it, or used it to accomplish his tactical missions, the Infantryman operating under combat conditions used products that had been tested by the Infantry Board. In consonance with its mission, the Infantry Board's motto was "ONLY THE BEST FOR THE FINEST!" From 1946 to 1991 the Infantry Board was headquartered in Building 76, on Anderson Street. The Infantry Board was discontinued effective 23 March 1991.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Fort Benning Infantry Board, 1991.

Location: Georgia Highway 39, North of Fort Gaines, Georgia, at East bank of the Chattahoochee River, Lake W.F. George

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  August 6, 1989

The boundary line defined in the Treaty of Fort Jackson (August 1814) between the confederated Creek tribes and the United States extended eastward from the mouth of Cemochechobee Creek south of here to a point near Jesup, Georgia. Signed by General Andrew Jackson for the U.S. and Tustennuggee Thlocco (Big Warrior) and Tustennuggee Hopie (Little Prince) for the Creeks, the treaty ceded about 23 million acres of land and was intended to separate hostile Indians from British forces in Florida during the War of 1812.

A military garrison, later named Fort Gaines, was established on the Chattahoochee River to patrol the buffer against the British and hostile Indians created by the land ceded in the Treaty of Fort Jackson. Benjamin Hawkins, venerable Indian agent to the southern tribes, and troops commanded by Coweta Chief William McIntosh had the task of enforcing General Jackson's prohibition of any Indian entering the newly acquired territory. His orders were that "all persons carrying and bringing lies" to the British would be shot. He believed Oketeyeconne and Hitchiti towns near here were havens for spies.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Fort Gaines High School Class of '39.

Location: Cotton Hill Road in Fort Gaines, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  July 13, 2003

This church was constituted on July 21, 1822, under the leadership of the Reverend Jim Davis, when Fort Gaines was part of Early County. Land for the church was donated and deeded by J. Hugh Edge. The first building, which also served as a schoolhouse, was constructed of hand-hewn logs. In 1839, Mt. Gilead joined the Bethel Baptist Association in Americus, Georgia. Included on the five acre church property is a cemetery with the earliest grave dating from 1865. A baptismal pool, inscribed with the date of 1828, is located across the road from the present church building and is still being used.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Mt. Gilead Baptist Church, 2002.

Location: New Lowell United Methodist Church. County Road 129 2.6 miles West of Georgia Highway 39. 12.4 miles north of Fort Gaines Courthouse Dedication

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 25, 1986

Methodist Episcopal Church worship services were conducted in this area during the early 1840's in a brush arbor. The original church, known as Lowell, was destroyed by fire during the Civil War. From 1865 to 1890 the Methodists and Baptists worshiped together at Union Church at Midway and later at Salem Church. The present church was built in 1900 from virgin pine and the interior still contains the original pews, pulpit and altar rail. On January 9, 1901 the church was deeded as a place of worship by W. T. Credille. The trustees were E. A. Standley, E. D. Griffin and J. A. Wash. The church became a charge of the Fort Gaines Circuit July 22, 1903.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the New Lowell United Methodist Church, 1986.

This area was settled about 1820 along the falls of Pataula Creek in a community known as Lowell. The falls provided water power for several commercial enterprises including a saw mill, cotton gin and grist mill. The community was later known as Garfield. Grades one through ten attended the school in the school house which was built circa 1890. Classes were for 10-25 children who performed housekeeping and janitorial duties as well as school work. The last class was held in 1921. The schoolhouse was also used as a center for social functions and as a place of worship. About 1900 the community became known as Gilbert and later as Credille's Mill.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the New Lowell United Methodist Church, 1986.

**This marker was funded by the HCC’s Matching Grant Program.

Location: U.S. Highway 27, ½ mile South of Sutton’s Crossroads in Clay County, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  March 6, 2004

Founded in the 1880's Oakland High School's name was derived from oak trees which grewin abundance at this location when the school building was constructed. The school originally had 10 grades. Mrs. Arlene Newton Richardson taught here from 1908 to 1912 and established the first home economics course taught in southwest Georgia. Students participated in the course from as far away as Columbus and Macon, Georgia. Six students comprised the last graduating class in 1929. The next year Oakland became a junior high school. It closed its doors in 1937 when classes were consolidated with Fort Gaines High School. The old school building was demolished in 1957.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commissionand Students, Family and Friends of Oakland High School, 2004.

Location: Georgia Highway 39, North of Fort Gaines, Georgia. East bank of the Chattahoochee River, Lake W.F. George

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  August 6, 1989

Oketeyeconne, or Okitiyakani, was a Hitchiti-speaking Lower Creek town located near here on the east bank of the Chattahoochee River south of Sandy Creek during the late frontier period. Described in 1799 by Benjamin Hawkins, "… the little village, Oketeyeconne, is situated on good land….From this village they have settlements down as low as the forks of the river….They raise plenty of corn and rice and have cattle, horses and hogs."

As the southernmost of the main towns on the Chattahoochee, the people shared affiliations with—to the north—the predominantly Muskogee-speaking Creek Confederation and a Hitchiti ‘mother town' and – to the south—Hitchiti-speaking towns of the Sawokli, Tamathli, Apalachicola, Yamasee, Mikasuki and other Seminoles.

Though peaceful and considered friendly by the Americans, many of the Lower Creeks and Seminoles had strong ties to the British from Revolutionary War service and trade. Distressed by continual encroachments of white settlers, the American war against the Red Sticks faction of the Upper Creeks, and a severe shortage of food, Lower Creeks and Seminoles led by William and Thomas Perryman appealed to the British and Spanish for arms and supplies in September 1813.

William and Thomas Perryman became leaders of the war faction of the Lower Creeks and Seminoles. Their settlement, known as Perryman, on the Chattahoochee above the Flint became headquarters for the ‘Hostiles'. Their relative, James Perryman, was chief of Oketeyeconne.

The Creek Indians’ requests for aid suggested to the British high command a strategy of using privilegeless groups such as Indians, slaves, and pirates in the Gulf region to divert American forces from Canada. The Creeks indicated that contact could be maintained with the Four Nations -- Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Cherokees -- from Apalachicola Bay. Thus the Chattahoochee became central to British invasion plans. Upon arrival with munitions at Apalachicola in May 1814, the British found many starving Red Stick refugees who had come there following their defeat by Jackson at Horseshoe Bend in March.

People from Oketeyeconne were prominent among those being armed. Hawkins reported: "They gave four kegs of cartridges of 100 lbs each to Oketeyeconne and Tuttallossee and some arms, short rifles and others." Receiving such reports, Jackson demanded a huge land cession, mostly from his Lower Creek allies, with the line strategically located just south of Oketeyeconne to suppress the insurgency.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Fort Gaines High School Class of 1938. Erected in 1989.

Location: Carroll Street, Fort Gaines, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  July 3, 1982

This was the first established cemetery of Fort Gaines. The earliest death date on a stone marker is 1830. The tombs of Georgia Militia General John Dill and his family are found in an enclosed lot. Reverend John E. Brown, second president of the University of Georgia, and his wife are interred in this graveyard. Many early settlers, both black and white, are buried here in unmarked graves.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1980.

Location: Off Georgia Highway 39, on the bluff overlooking the Chattahoochee River in Fort Gaines, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  July 4, 1996

In May of 1836 the 88th Regiment of the Georgia Militia built a small fort in anticipation of an attack by the Creek Indians. The Steamer GEORGIAN had arrived crowded with women and children fleeing from the Indian uprising at Roanoke upriver. The Steamer ANNA CALHOUN was pressed for 5,000 pounds of bacon and 8 barrels of flour in order to feed the refugees and militia. The uprising was quelled before the fighting reached Fort Gaines. This was one of the last major insurgences of the Creeks before their removal to the West.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Local Color Publishers and "Tale of the Naked Hitchhiker" 1996.

Location: Near the old toll house on the east bank of the Chattahoochee River, Bluff Street, Fort Gaines, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  December 3, 1997

The second covered bridge across the Chattahoochee River connecting Clay County, Georgia and Henry County, Alabama, was constructed between 1867-69. Bonner and Walden, a New York construction company, were the original contractors but the bridge was completed by Horace King. After the three, span bridge collapsed during the flood of March 1875, the original stockholders relinquished control of the structure to the City of Fort Gaines on the condition that the city should rebuild at the public expense. A $7,500 bond issue was floated and the bridge was rebuilt by Captain B. B. McKenzie of Eufaula, Alabama.

Dedication date: December 3, 1987.

Following the reopening of the covered bridge in 1875, the City of Fort Gaines considered levying ad valorem taxes to help retire the bridge repair bond issue. Angry property owners proposed that the city sell the bridge to any person who would guarantee to retire the bonds. After considerable debate, the bridge was sold to David C. Adams who realized a handsome profit on his investment. The flood of March 1888 partially destroyed the bridge again and it was resold to the city of $5,000. The bridge was then rebuilt by William King, son of Horace King. The covered bridge was in use until 1925 when the Henry-Clay cantilever bridge was opened.

Location: County Road 135, West of Georgia Highway 39 - 9 miles north of Fort Gaines, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  September 28, 1980

Local tradition maintains that the Toney-Standley House was built about 1803 by Mr. William Toney. It is reputed that on two occasions Toney had as his overnight guest Aaron Burr, third Vice-President of the United States. Legend has it that Burr stopped here while fleeing to Florida in 1804 and in 1807 after he was arrested for treason by General Edmund Pendleton Gaines.

In 1959, the Toney-Standley House was moved from its original site, near Sandy Creek, to its present location. This Plantation Plain style structure is similar to the other early homes built in the Chattahoochee River Valley of Alabama and Georgia. On September 7, 1974, it was placed on the National Register of Historic Places by the United States Department of the Interior.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1980.

Location: Decatur County, Georgia. Near Amsterdam on US 27/Georgia 1, Southeast of Bainbridge

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 11, 1987

In 1891, A. Cohn & Company purchased 14,000 acres for tobacco cultivation and named it Amsterdam. At that time, the property was the largest tobacco plantation in the world, under one ownership. In 1907, seven of the larger growers and packers in the area merged to form the American Sumatra Tobacco Company, with a division in Amsterdam. This was a company town with offices, railroad, commissaries, post office, packing houses and employee houses. At its peak, the town boasted a population of 450. The Imperial Tobacco Company bought the American Sumatra Tobacco Company in 1955 and operated it until 1965 when they discontinued growing tobacco. In 1967 the land was sold to the Coastal Lumber Company.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Decatur County Commission and the Decatur County Historical Society, 1986.

Cigar wrapper tobacco was grown only in a small area of Georgia, Florida and the Connecticut River Valley from the 1840s to 1975. During the 1890s, wooden arbors began to be used to make the leaves lighter and thinner. Later, cheese cloth tents were used to filter sunlight and keep insects out. After World War II, production was mechanized, but the cultivation of tobacco still remained on of the most labor intensive crops grow. With the extension of wage and hour to farm labor, costs rose to $7,000 per acre making the growing of tobacco economically prohibitive.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Decatur County Commission and the Decatur County Historical Society, 1986.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  2005

A male academy was established in Attapulgus in 1836 and a female academy in 1852. A four-room frame building was built on the site after establishment of public education in Georgia in 1872. In 1921 Mariola School joined Attapulgus and a frame stucco building of eight rooms was built. It burned in 1922. In 1925 Amsterdam School merged with Attapulgus and an eight room brick building was built. In 1933 the locals provided materials and the WPA provided labor to build THE SHELL, a gymnasium. Later an AG building, classrooms and a lunch room were added.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission Alumni of Attapulgus School and the Decatur County Historical Society, 2005.

With county consolidation, the High School was moved to Bainbridge in 1966 and the elementary grades in 1971. In 1972 a tornado badly damaged the main building and destroyed the gymnasium and AG building. The County Board declared the property surplus and sold it to Attapulgus Baptist Church in 1973. With dedicated teachers, an excellent curriculumwas taught. When the Attapulgus School closed, all teachers held masters degrees or better. Many of the schools graduates went on to higher education, performing as well or better than those from larger schools.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission Alumni of Attapulgus School and the Decatur County Historical Society, 2005.

Location: U. S. Highway 27 North, 8 miles from Bainbridge, Georgia, at the Bainbridge Industrial Park.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1980

In August, 1942, on this 2,053 acre tract, the U. S. Army constructed a basic flight training field. It remained open until 1945. At its peak 9,600 men, trainees and WACS were stationed here; there were 700 civilian employees. Several hundred WW II German P. O. W.s were imprisoned here in 1951. Southern Airways School, a private company, contracted with the U. S. A. F. to train its pilots. The base closed in 1961 and became industrial park.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Decatur County Historical Society, 1980.

Location: GA 97, just south of GA 311 intersection at Bainbridge

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 11, 1987

In this vicinity was fought the Flint Battle of 1702 between the English under Captain Antonio with Creek allies from Achito (near Columbus) and the Spaniards under Captain Francisco Romo Uriz with 800 Indians from Bacuqua (north of Tallahassee). In a battle at daybreak the English defeated the Spaniards, killing or capturing 600. This battle was a prelude to Queen Annes War and first blow for control for the Mississippi valley by the English. It ended the advance of the Spaniards up the Chattahoochee and Flint valleys and Frances ambition in Alabama.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and The City of Bainbridge, 1985.

Location: Georgia Highway 310, just north of US 84 in Brinson, Georgia. (In Cemetery) West of Bainbridge.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 11, 1987

First settled in the 1850s present day Brinson was originally known as Spring Creek. The name was changed in 1889 when the town was laid out and established by Simeon Brinson. In that same year the Alabama Midland Railroad completed a line through the town. Brinson soon became a shipping point for agricultural products, lumber and naval stores which were the major industries in the area. By an act of the Georgia General Assembly on August 22, 1907, the village was incorporated at the Town of Brinson. Brinson began to decline because of the closing of sawmill operations between 1910-1920.

The town of Brinson was named in honor of Simeon Brinson, a prominent farmer and businessman. Brinson, a native of Dougherty County, saw action during the War Between the Sates as a private in Company E, Fifth Georgia Cavalry. After the war he moved to Decatur County. Brinson served as the first postmaster of the Spring Creek Post Office which was established in 1874. He was still postmaster when the name of the post office was changed to Brinson on August 24, 1889. Brinson served as mayor of the town in 1907 and 1913-1914 and two terms (1909-1912) in the Georgia General Assembly. He is interred in the Brinson Cemetery.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Decatur County Commission, 1986.

Location: Booster Club Road,West of Georgia Highway 310, 3 miles north of Georgia Highway 97

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1995

The medical camp was established on September 15, 1820 by the Southeastern Army of the United States headquartered at Fort Scott. It was used as a recuperation area for soldiers who had contracted malaria and dysentery in the swampy environs of the fort. Soldiers considered the fort to be the deadliest military assignment in the country because of numerous illnesses and deaths there. The camp was located on a high ridge three miles southeast of Fort Scott. A 34-pound cannon marks the site of the camp and the nearby cemetery for the soldiers who perished here.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Decatur Historical Society, 1995.

Location: South of Bainbridge, Georgia on Georgia Highway 97.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 11, 1987

As a delegate to the Georgia Convention at Milledgeville, he voted for secession. After the start of the Civil War, he volunteered as a private. When his health failed he returned home and was elected to the Confederate Congress where he served from 1862-1864. His re-election bid was defeated because he voted for the Conscript Law. He then re-entered the Confederate army as a private but was soon promoted to major through the influence of Jefferson Davis. When surrender came he was a lieutenant colonel.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Decatur County Board of Commissioners, 1985.

Charles James Munnerlyn lived in an elegant residence called Refuge. This beautiful house boasted an extensive library and an organ. The pipe organ was installed for the pleasure of Munnerlyns wife, Harriet Eugenia Shackelford Munnerlyn. The family cemetery is situated near this marker. It is located about 800 feet north of the site of Refuge. The house burned in 1883. The Munnerlyn plantation contained over 3,000 acres and had a landing on the Flint River. It was worked by over 200 slaves.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Decatur County Board of Commissioners, 1985.

Location: Located at Climax, Georgia on Georgia Highway 262, just North of US Highway 84

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 11, 1987

Climax is the highest point on the railroad between Savannah, Georgia, and the Chattahoochee River. The town was laid out and named in 1883 after a branch rail line was built to Chattahoochee, Florida. Later, a second branch line was built to Amsterdam, Georgia. The town served as a rail junction and an agricultural community for many years, but was not incorporated until August 11, 1905. It flourished, with businesses, churches, a school, hotels, and services needed to sustain the community. With the coming of paved highways and the cutback of rail services, the towns economic strength declined.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, The City of Climax and the Decatur County Commission, 1986

Location: Located 1.6 miles south of Cyrene, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 11, 1987

This school was founded in 1909 by C. S. Hodges and W. G. Powell, at the Village of Cyrene, to provide preparatory education for boys. Later that year the curricula was expanded to provide co-educational teaching and the facilities were enlarged to accommodate boarding students. At that time the school was deeded to the Bowen Baptist Association. Cyrene Institute offered primary and secondary education with some college preparatory courses. The school facilities included a girls and boys dormitory, dining hall and general administration building. Accommodations were available for approximately 100 students. After only a few years in operation the school closed about 1916.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1986.

Approximately 1.6 miles north of this location is the village of Cyrene. Founded about 1890 by C. S. Hodges and W. G. Powell, Cyrene was typical of the many mill towns established along the railroad to utilize the vast forests of Southern Pine. Naval stores and lumber were the primary products taken from these forests. At one time, the village had a post office, sawmill, turpentine still, cotton gin, commissaries and about 500 inhabitants. After the loss of the Hodges Sawmill to fire in 1927 and the lean Depression years that followed, the naval stores industry began to decline. Today only a few people live in the town of Cyrene.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1986.

Location: 1201 Martin Luther King Jr. Drive, Bainbridge, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  2008

In 1876, the First Flint River Missionary Baptist Association was formed to help "lift the veil of ignorance from its people" using land purchased in 1896 and 1915. The Association established First Flint River Baptist Normal Institute in 1918 with the Reverend H.F. Taylor as its head. The work of the school was entrusted to the care of Reverend James Graves, Mrs. L. Jackson and Mrs. Josie King Williams. This facility gave black children an opportunity for an education beyond the elementary schooling provided by Decatur County. Children from the county lived with Bainbridge area families until a dormitory could be built.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Decatur County Historical Society 2008

In 1927, Professor H.S. Dixon, Mrs. Marie H. Dixon and Mrs. Aurie Bell Flowers assumed duties at what was now Union Normal High School. After school closure on 31 May 1952, the Decatur County Board of Education bought the property on 13 November 1954 for $8,000. Mr. Dixon was paid with a 100 x 300 ft. lot on the east. In January 1955, the proceeds were divided equally among Association member churches and a Scholarship Aid Program was established a few months later. With forty years of success, it was reorganized and chartered as First Flint River Missionary Baptist Association Scholarship Foundation, Inc. in 1990.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Decatur County Historical Society 2008

Location: At the Church, 300 West Shotwell Street, Bainbridge, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1980

Founded in 1823, title to this property was conveyed to the church in 1830 by the Inferior Court, Bainbridge. An initial building was erected about 1840 and was also used during the 1850s for services by Baptists and Presbyterians. In 1854 an enlarged wooden structure was completed and served the congregation until 1899, when a brick facility was fabricated. Fire destroyed the church in 1906, but the building was replaced by the present structure and hosted the 1911 South Georgia Annual Conference.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Decatur County Historical Society, 1980.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  2007

In 1926, brothers John, Ear, Wayne, and Gilbert Gragg came from North Carolina to establish a sawmill six tenths of a mile north of here on the east side of Amsterdam Road. As the Gragg Lumber Co., they leased cutting rights on 16,000 acres owned by American Sumatra Tobacco Co. They harvested timber with portable sawmills and hauled lumber to their dry kiln and plane mill for five years. They built their "dream mill", incorporating modern band saws, in 1930. Their company became one of the largest hardwood lumber producers in the State of Georgia, employing about 200 people at peak production. The timber depleted, the mill closed in 1944.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Decatur County Historical Society 2007

From Virginia in the north, stretching south to Texas and bounded by the Piedmont and by mountians to the west, there was once a carpet of Green Gold. This fabulous carpet was long-leaf and slash pine, including oaks here. It attracted sawmill and turpentine industries to Decatur County. These industries yielded economic stability in this region during the frist half of the twentieth century. The longleaf pine once covered 130 million acres. Its area is now reduced to about 3 million acres. The cathedral like beauty of longleaf stands and wide use of the gave it the crown of "one of the greatest trees ever known."

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Decatur County Historical Society 2007

Location: In front of the Hutto Middle School on Martin Luther King Jr. Drive, Bainbridge, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  March 18, 2004

The first school for former slaves in this county was established in 1869 and was known as the Whittier School and Tabernacle for Colored Children. It was on Shotwell Street and had grades 1-7. The name soon changed to Whittier Normal School since graduates were permitted to take state teacher's exams. In 1895 George Hutto became Principal. The following year, after the Plessy v Ferguson "separate but equal' court decision the Shotwell Street building was torn down and Mr. Hutto was authorized to erect a new school at this site. At that time the name was changed to Bainbridge Colored Grade School. Mr. Hutto served as principal until his death in 1922.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Decatur County Historical Society, 2004.

The school was re-named in honor of Mr. Hutto and his widow Addie became principal. By her efforts a matching grant from the Rosenwald Fund was obtained to build a high school on the site. Grade 11 was added in 1928. Accreditation came in 1929 with the name Hutto High School. After 52 years of service Addie Hutto retired in 1942 and William Mann succeeded her. Grade 12 was added in 1953. Hutto High graduated its last class in 1970. Later that year Hutto High combined with Bainbridge High and this facility became Hutto Junior High. In 1990 it became Hutto Middle School.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Decatur County Historical Society, 2004.

Location: Faceville, Georgia. Along Georgia Highway 97-Grounds of the Masonic Lodge.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  April 12, 2001

Decatur Countys first industrialist was Ira Sanborn, a native of Concord, New Hampshire. Born in 1799, Sanborn came to Apalachicola, Florida about 1830 and later resettled in Quincy, Florida where he married Susan Woodson. In 1833 they moved to Decatur County and settled on Attapulgus Creek. Using waterpower he operated a gristmill, sawmill, tanning, cigar and shoe factories. In 1856 he opened Estahatchee Mills which made a cotton and wool fabric called kersey. Sanborn died on a business trip to Boston in 1865 and was buried in Concord. The Estahatchee Mills buildings were razed in 1870. Today only the mill races and the outline of the pond levee remain.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Decatur County Historical Society, 2001.

Location: Bainbridge, Georgia. Off Water Street in Cheney Griffin Park about 40 yards from the water.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  July 18, 2002

In 1827 the Fanny was the first of more than 220 steamboats to visit Bainbridge and ply the waters of the Apalachicola Chattahoochee-Flint river system. These boats docked at the city's landings below the high bluff on the Flint River. Boatyards on both sides of the river built craft for individuals and the U. S. Government. Several steamboat lines operated here including the Oak City Navigation Co. (later known as the Bainbridge Navigation Co.),which was organized in 1901 and the Callahan Line, which was formed in 1906. The last working steamboat on the Flint River was the Elberta, which went out of service in the late 1930's.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Decatur County Historical Society, 2002

Between Columbus, Georgia and Apalachicola, Florida many steamboat landings dotted the riverbanks. Smaller boats navigated Spring Creek, the Chipola River and the Flint River to Newton and Albany. In addition to passengers, the boats hauled cotton, rosin, turpentine, fertilizer, lumber, oysters, catfish, honey, bricks and shingles. The river system was one of the most dangerous in the United States and many boats met misfortune by hitting rocks, snags and ferry cables. Other boats ran aground on sandbars or sank due to boiler explosions. It is said that there are more sunken boats per mile on this river system than any other system in the country.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Decatur County Historical Society, 2002

Location: Decatur County, Georgia. Green Shade Road, Highway 309 in Fowlstown, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1994

In this vicinity stood the Seminole village of Fowltown, scene of battle, November 21, 1817, which marked the beginning of the First Seminole Indian War. The engagement resulted when Major Twiggs with 250 soldiers from Fort Scott attempted to arrest its warriors for depredations against the white frontier. A second conflict occurred at the village and nearby swamp November 23, 1817, U.S. Soldiers being led by Lt. Col. Arbuckle. On January 4, 1818, the village was found deserted and destroyed.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Decatur County Historical Society and Friends, 1994

Location: 8 miles South of Blakely on Three Notch Road at Damascus-Hilton Road

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1998

The Centerville Methodist Church was organized in 1891, and the people of the community erected the first church building eight miles south of Blakely on the Three Notch Road. It was a pine log structure with posts in the middle section for support and two single doors for entering the church. The original floor joists and ceiling trusses, which were made of whole pine logs, are still in place. A wood stove was placed in the middle of the room to warm the congregation. The church was dedicated on August 7, 1898, with Reverend C. C. Lowe serving as its first pastor. In 1976, the social hall was added and synthetic siding installed.

Erected by the Centerville United Methodist Church and the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1998.

Ben Johnson and his wife, Miss Ellie attended the DuBose Methodist Church located six miles away until they were caught in a rainstorm that frightened their horse. In an attempt to get a church nearer home, Ben Johnson and Dick Mock rode for several days before finding someone to donate land for the church. Most of the land in the area was mortgaged because of the Civil War but Elian Harper deeded four acres to church trustees, Ben Johnson, Sam Roe Johnson and John King to be used for a church and a cemetery. Miss Ellie named it Centerville because it was in the middle of the community.

Erected by the Centerville United Methodist Church and the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1998.

Location: Coheelee Park, at the covered bridge - Old River Road off Georgia Highway 62

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  October 31, 1980

According to the May 2, 1883 minutes of the Early County Board of Commissioners, a commission was appointed to inquire into the practicability of construction a bridge across Coheelee Creek at McDonald Ford. However, the construction contract was not let until July 7, 1891. Cost of labor was $490.41 with J. W. Baughman serving as supervisor and W. C. Sheffield, Chairman of the 1891 Commissioners.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Early County Historical Society, 1980.

Location: Coheelee Park, at the covered bridge, 9 miles southwest of Blakely, Georgia, on Old River Road near Hilton, Georgia, off Georgia Highway 62

The Fannie Askew Williams Park, a picnic area adjacent to Coheelee Creek Covered Bridge on Old River Road, is maintained by the Early County Board of Commissioners. The land was made available to the county in 1959 by the late John H. Williams, of Blakely, and bears the name of his first wife. The Peter Early Chapter DAR serves as custodian of the Park.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Early County Historical Society, 1980.

Location: Located on Georgia 92, 2 miles south of the bridge

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  December 22, 1985

Constructed in 1891 by the Early County Commissioner, this relic of by-gone days is the southernmost covered bridge in the United States. The bridge consists of two spans, measuring 96 feet in length. Of the queen-post truss modified design, it stretches across Coheelee Creek with its picturesque waterfalls. The Fannie Askew Williams Park, a county maintained picnic area, is adjacent to the bridge. Coheelee Creek covered bridge is located two miles north of Georgia 62 on Old River Road. On May 13, 1976, it was placed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Early County Historical Society, 1985.

Location: Georgia 62 West, at Hilton, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1994

Formal education began in 1897 on land from J. C. Hudspeth and Mrs. Elizabeth Freeman. A petition in 1924 halted a school at Waters Ford. In 1925 a spacious masonry school opened one mile west of this marker for students from Freeman, Hilton, Rock Hill and Sowhatchee. The name was changed to Hilton Consolidated School. In 1932 students came in from Byrons Academy, Centerville and Lucile. Vocational classrooms, canning plant, lunchroom and gymnasium enhanced the complex before the high school closed in 1955. An elementary school continued until 1960. Many lives and destinies were shaped here.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Friends of Hilton School, 1994.

Location: Georgia 62, Hilton, Georgia-On road to Coheelee Park

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  April 24, 1994

The Hilton Methodist Episcopal Church, South was organized in 1850. The first church was erected one mile southwest of Hilton on the Lower River Road. This structure was sold after the Civil War and services were then conducted in an arbor. E. Hilton deeded land to the church trustees for the present site on November 1, 1889. The pegged-frame building for the Hilton United Methodist Church was built in 1890 and the social hall was added in 1973.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Hilton United Methodist Church, 1994.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  November 1, 2002

In 1855, Anthony Hutchins and a group of local citizens built a two-story cotton mill of handmade bricks, fired in Early County, on the north side of Harrod's Creek. The mill, known as the Early County Manufacturing Company, was constructed to spin the cotton produced in the area. It was powered from the falls on Harrod's Creek. Thread from the factory was sold to the W.C Bradley Company in Columbus, GA. The mill operated for two decades before closing in 1876. Trespassers burned the abandoned structure on March 17, 1927. Over time the name of the creek changed from "Harrod's" to "Old Factory."

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Early County Historical Society, 2002

* Orginal marker was placed on 10-31-1980. The marker was damaged beyond repair. A new marker was erected in 2002, with a slightly different text. Marker has been stolen from sight.

Location: Zion Free Will Baptist Church, 856 Zion Road, Blakely, GA

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 15, 2006

The school was established prior to 1879 and consolidated with Hilton School in 1925. It served as a Free Will Baptist Bible School for young ministers from 1930-1942. Reverend T. B. Mellette was the instructor and Reverend K. V. Shutes was president during that time. In 1942 the school was moved to Nashville, Tennessee, and is currently known as the F. W. Baptist Bible College. Since 1942, the school building has been used for worship, fellowship, and related community activities.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Early County Historical Society 2005

Location: Town Square in Hamilton, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  September 6, 1984

Song writer, teacher, editor, lived in Hamilton, 1843-c. 1868, was mayor, 1865. Near this spot in 1844 he published Sacred Harp, a fa-sol-la acappella singing school book now in its 14th edition. While taught in a local academy, conducted singing schools in many places and organized singing conventions, some of which still exist. He died in Atlanta and is buried in Oakland Cemetery.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Friends and Family of B. F. White, 1984.

Revised 6-25-1984

Location: 285 Bethany Church Road, Pine Mountain, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  April 6, 2008

Bethany Baptist Church was chartered on Sept. 8, 1828. The six charter members were James Garrett, Levin Collins, Uriah Jones, Lucy Garrett, Catherine Simmons and Mary Jones. The first pastor, John W. Cooper, served from 1828 to 1847. In 1847 the current building was constructed on a 7.5-acre parcel deeded by plantation owner, Joel Culpepper. Slaves attended with white families and were accepted as members. All "colored brethren" were granted letters of dismission in 1885 to constitute their own church, also named Bethany. In 1887, 37 members were granted letters in order to establish Chipley Baptist Church (now First Baptist Church of Pine Mountain).

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Friends and family of Hubert Champion (1913-2007) Bethany member for 77 years

The current Bethany Church was built in 1847. It is a small vernacular building in front gable form. An attached annex, added in 1972, replicates the form of the church. The interior retains beaded board walls and ceilings. Electricity was installed in the church during a revival in 1939, replacing four original oil lamps. The church has 23 memorial stained glass windows installed in 1962 and 1963. The adjacent cemetery contains graves dating from 1847 to the present. The church has also served as a school and farmers' grange. Bethany has been in continuous use as a church since its organization in 1828.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Friends and family of Hubert Champion (1913-2007) Bethany member for 77 years

Location: U. S. Highway 27, Callaway Gardens Information Center

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 20, 1982

Callaway Gardens was founded in 1952 by Cason Callaway, Sr. and his wife Virginia Callaway, for the purpose of preserving the native flora of the southern United Sates in a natural setting for the public to enjoy. At one time, this area was marginal farm land, depleted of its natural beauty and vegetation by overuse. The Callaways rebuilt this land into 2,500 acres of trees, shrubs and flowering plants.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Ida Cason Callaway Foundation, 1980.

Callaway Gardens is owned and operated by a non-profit organization, the Ida Cason Callaway Foundation, which is dedicated to horticulture, charity, religion, education and science. The Gardens are cared for and strengthened each year for the benefit and gratification of todays generations and generations to come. This property symbolized the past, the present, and the future of this regions landscape.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Ida Cason Callaway Foundation, 1980.

Location: Callaway Woods Subdivision, Whitesville Road, North of Columbus

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  October 5, 2001

On this site was Camp McKenzie, a 350 acre tract used for approximately 75 years as the official campsite for the local councils of the Boy Scouts of America. Under the leadership of W. W. McKenzie and Fred H. Schomburg, together with J. Homer Dimon, Jas. B. Key, Dan Joseph, J. Dupont Kirven, H. B. Crowell and J. A. Thomas, Camp McKenzie was incorporated in March 1921, Through the efforts of Frank G. Lumpkin Sr., Sidney Colquitt and many others, funds were raised to purchase the acreage and construct facilities.

Erected by the Ole Scouts of Camp McKenzie and the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1999.

In 1965 a group led by Cason J. Callaway, Jr., donated an additional and adjacent 320-acre tract to the Chattahoochee Council. The new area was named Camp Callaway. In 1955, the Council signed an agreement with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for 900 acres of land on the West Point Lake and camping facilities have been moved to that location. This marker is erected to honor those men who had the foresight and the will to make Camp McKenzie and Camp Callaway possible for the thousands of boys who learned to love them both and who will forever hold fond memories of their experiences here. Erected by the Ole Scouts of Camp McKenzie and the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1999.

Location: Commerce Avenue, Pine Mountain, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 20, 1982

Chipley was incorporated on December 9, 1882, following the extension of the Columbus and Rome Railroad one mile north of the Village of Hood. Old Hood was the predecessor of Chipley. Chipley was named after Colonel W. D. Chipley, a partner in the promotion of the railroad. The name was changed to Pine Mountain of February 19, 1958, after publicity generated by nearby Callaway Gardens established the location of this vacation resort at Pine Mountain.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1980.

Location: Located on College Street in Hamilton, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  October 19, 2002

The Hamilton Female College was chartered in 1853 in southern Harris County. It was located on what was known as College Hill. Asbury Johnston and Stephen A. Borders donated the property for the college. The Hamilton Female College was the first chartered school in Harris County. Before 1853, Georgias General Assembly had refused to permit the beginning of female academies. Education was mainly for males. Seventeen years later, in 1870, the school burned.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Mrs. ONeals Odyssey Class, Mulberry Creek Elementary School 2002.

Location: 47 Mountain Hill Road at Georgia Highway 219, Near Hamilton, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  November 8, 2002

This handsome Colonial Revival structure, completed in 1930, served the educational needs of children in the western half of Harris County from 1930 through 1989. The building, which consolidated several one-and-two-room schools, was designed by the Atlanta architectural firm Lockwood and Poundstone. Incorporating state-of-the-art features including central hear, indoor plumbing and electricity, the school building provided students with amenities unknown in most of their home. Funding for construction of the school came primarily from the local community through a bond issue in the amount of $60,000.

Erected by the Mountain Hill Schoolhouse Foundation, Inc. and the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 2000.

The school had 9 classrooms and a 436-seat auditorium to serve both elementary and high school students. In this auditorium Chet Atkins, member of Country Music Hall of Fame and a student at Mountain Hill School during the 1930s perfected his distinctive guitar style. The Mountain Hill Schoolhouse Foundation, Inc., formed to save the school building from demolition, has been instrumental in restoring the building as a community center. The building is owned by Harris County.

Erected by the Mountain Hill Schoolhouse Foundation, Inc. and the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 2000.

Location: Hopewell Church Road at Sunnyside Church Road, West of Pine Mountain, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  2000

The community buildings and spaces in the Sunnyside/Midway Historic District reflect rural Harris County in the 1920s. Sunnyside School was built by local residents in 1921 to consolidate several one-room schools. It was used as an elementary and high school until the 1940s. It served as clubhouse for the Home Demonstration Club and now houses the Sunnyside Community Club. Midway Baptist Church was founded in 1921 and met in the school until the church was completed in 1925. These buildings have been in continuous use since their construction.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Midway Baptist Church and Sunnyside Community Club, 2000.

Location: 13159 Georgia Highway 116, Pine Mountain Valley, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  October 19, 2002

Pine Mountain Valley, Georgia was begun in November 1934 under the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal plan. It was conceived as a pilot community relief project to provide an escape from the effects of the Great Depression. Situated on this land was the administration building for the coordination of the Pine Mountain Valley Development Project. Victims of the Great Depression were resettled here in an effort to develop a sense of security, while providing facilities to produce and opportunities to supplement their income through agricultural and industrial activities.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Mrs. ONeals Odyssey Class Mulberry Creek Elementary School, 2002

Location: Pine Lake Road in Whitesville, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  October 13, 2002

The Methodist church in Whitesville had its origins about 1828 in meetings held at the home of Reuben Mobley. The First Methodist Church was founded in the early 1830s and by 1837 the decision was made to erect a church for the growing congregation on land donated by a trustee. The first church was used until 1854, when the current building was completed. This was the early church of Rev. William Jackson Callahan, a 1891 Emory graduate who was a missionary in Japan. Rev. Charles L. Allen, later pastor of Grace Methodist Church in Atlanta and well-known author, preached his first sermon here. The Whitesville Methodist Church has been actively in use as a Methodist church since its dedication.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Whitesville United Methodist Church, 2002

The adjacent cemetery predates the church building. It has several types of burial markings from the earliest stacked stone and brick graves to metal mail-ordered grave markers. There are numerous family plots defined by retaining walls, copings and iron fencing. Many graves are unmarked as uninscribed field stone markers were inadvertently removed. The earliest burial date on a marker is 1844 for Reuben Mobley, one of the church founders.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Whitesville United Methodist Church 2002.

Location: 622 Tenth Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1985

"Way Down in Columbus, Georiga, Wanna be back in Tennessee, Way down in Columbus Stockade, Friends have turned their backs on me."

The "Columbus Stockade Blues" by Thomas Darby and Jimmie Tarlton, was written and recorded in 1927. Many famous artists have since played the song in band, jazz, blue grass, country and blues arrangements. These two brick buildings served as jail and police headquarters from the 1850's to 1906. Then the buildings were joined and appear today much as they did when the song was written. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1985

Same

Location: 805 Fifth Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1986

Gertrude Pridgett "Ma" Rainey, 1886-1939, famed "Mother of the Blues", lived in this house after 1935, during retirement in her native city. In 1904 she introduced "blues" as part of her traveling act. For 30 years her performances contributed to the growing popularity of this truly American music form. A pioneer female recording artist, she made 94 blues records for Paramount before 1928. At least 47 were her compositions. Managing her own band, she encouraged younger musicians including Louis "Satchmo" Armstrong, Fletcher Henderson, and Bessie Smith. Her grave is in nearby Porterdale Cemetery.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Friends of Ma Rainey, 1986

Same

Location: 527 First Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1985

A dwelling has existed at 527 First Avenue since 1831 when Alfred Iverson wed Julia Forsyth, daughter of Georgia Governor John Forsyth. Elected to Congress in 1846, Iverson served in the Senate until Georgia seceded from the Union. Two sons served in the Confederate Army, one as a Brigadier General and one as a Lt. Colonel. During the War Between the States, local contractor Leander May surely knew of O.S. Fowler's "A Home for All Seasons," and not only built the front octagonal but also converted the Iverson home into a smaller octagonal. "The Folly" became a National Historic Landmark of architecture in 1973.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1985

Same

Location: Corner of Macon and Dixon Roads, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1993

In October 1918, the Infantry School of Arms was established on 80 acres of land near here. Camp Benning, later Fort Benning, was named in honor of Confederate Infantry General Henry Lewis Benning, a Columbus resident. The camp's first commander was Col. Henry Eames. Constructed in just 7 days, the temporary camp had some 300 tents, mess halls, offices and warehouses. It was built under the supervision of Major J. Paul Jones. Hundreds of thousands of young men received their military training under the watchful eye of such legendary military leaders as Marshall, Eisenhower, Stilwell, Collins, and Patton here at the Infantry School.

Fort Benning's mission has always been to train infantrymen for their task of defending the nation. Fort Benning, now located south of Columbus on some 200,000 acres, is the free world's largest infantry training facility. Fort Benning has trained infantrymen who have fought with pride in al of the nation's military involvements for more than a half century. During World War II, the Cold War, the was in Korea, Vietnam, and Panama, as well as Desert Storm, infantrymen have fought and died to keep this nation free. This marker honors the infantrymen who have, for the past 75 years, trained at the Home of the Infantry.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Carl Patrick Foundation, 1993

Location: 700 Broadway, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  October 27, 1989

Situated on a lot that was part of Edward Lloyd Thomas's original 1827 plan of the city, this c.1870 Victorian townhouse is the only one of its design in Columbus. Among the families which inhabited this house was that of Stirling Price Gilbert (1862-1951), a Georgia Supreme Court Justice who served with distinction in that capacity for twenty years. Because of its desirable setting and architectural significance, this structure was acquired by the Historic Columbus Foundation in 1976 and became the Foundation's headquarters in 1977. The only two-story solid brick house in the Historic District, this property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1989

Same

Location: 1408 Third Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  October 23, 1991

Built 1887 by Dr. William L. Bullard, Columbus physician and pioneer ear, eye, nose, and throat specialist, this house is a splendid example of Second Empire Victorian architecture. It was designed by L. E. Thornton of New York. The Bullard family lived here for 90 years. Their guests included President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Generals George Patton and George Marshall who dined on "Country Captain," a popular regional dish originated by the family cook, Arie Mullins. The house was listed in the National Register in 1977 and painstakingly restored in 1978 by new owners, Dr. and Mrs. Lloyd Sampson.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1991

Same

Location: 9th Street in the middle of the block between Front Avenue and Broadway

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  December 19, 2002

Built in 1902, the Cargill-Wright Company, candy manufacturers and syrup refiners, were the first occupants of this building. The building was also home to Penick and Ford, and the Hardaway-Cargill Company, both syrup refiners, and Mitchell Hosiery Mills. In 1930, Sol Loeb Wholesale Grocery Company moved here from its original 12th Street location. One of ten original customers of the William Wrigley Company, Sol Loeb was the first wholesale company to sell a case of Red Devil lye and one of the original members of the Columbus Telephone Exchange. The company remained in the building until 1989.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission; the Stone Tree Group, LLC; and the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc.; 2002

Joseph Simpson Garrett, a whiskey, tobacco, and groceries merchant, constructed this building in 1883 for his business, Garrett and Sons. This wholesale business was regarded as the first of its kind in Columbus. Garrett served as Columbus postmaster from 1897 to 1905. Many businesses occupied this building between 1900 and 1934 when Simon Schwob, a tailor from Alsace-Lorraine, opened Schwob Manufacturing Company. With the "factory to consumer" approach, it became the largest manufacturer and retailer of menswear in the South. In 1978, Schwob Manufacturing became Joy Fashions and operated here until 1988.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission; the Stone Tree Group, LLC; and the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc.; 2002

Location: Twelfth Street at Fourth Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1992

This is the mother church of Roman Catholicism in this area, serving as the only Catholic church in Columbus from 1880 to 1958. The first Catholic church, the Church of Sts. Philip and James, was built in 1835 on what is now Chapel Street on one of the original lots designated for churches when Columbus was founded in 1828. Early missionary efforts from Sts. Philip and James reached Decatur and Terminus (now Atlanta), Macon, Eufaula, and Apalachicola, Fla. Missionaries visited these stations by rail, riverboat, oxcart or even by foot, quarterly or twice yearly. First resident pastor was Rev. James Graham.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and members of the Holy Family Parish, 1992

The parish relocated to this site when the new church was dedicated May 12, 1880, and the name changed to The Church of The Holy Family. The Gothic-Byzantine structure was designed by architect Daniel Matthew Foley who was born in Dublin, Ireland. This church was built on property given by the Sisters of Mercy. The parish education building is located on the site where their convent and the school, St. Joseph's Academy, stood from 1870 to 1964. This is the only downtown church with a grave located on its grounds. Rev. Michael Cullinan, a pastor of Sts. Philip and James, was buried here just east of the church's main entrance.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and members of the Holy Family Parish, 1992

Location: Corner of 17th Street & 8th Avenue (across from the backside of Linwood Cemetery) Columbus, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  March 9, 2004

The first City Hospital, c. 1841, was located on the South Commons. Called the Pest House, its clients were charity patients. The second City Hospital, c. 1894, was built across from Linwood Cemetery. Architectural details of the Victorian era hospital included a turret, porte-cochere and covered walkways from white and colored wards leading to a brick operating room, to the left of the building. Columbus third hospital was built in 1915, with the Colored Department building located to the rear. The Colored Department was a three-story brick structure completely fitted with the latest and most modern equipment, providing thirty beds.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Alfonso Biggs and the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc., 2003.

The service of midwives in early years was vital to the health of Columbus colored patients. The Columbus Colored Medical Association was responsible for the building and maintenance of the Colored Department building in 1915. Dr. W.T. Ayers, Dr. E.J. Turner, Dr. D.W. Gallimore, Dr. M.L. Taylor and Dr. Thomas H. Brewer comprised the board. The Public Health Nurse Association began in 1917. The first colored nurse hired was Sarah V. Allen. Three other colored nurses were soon hired to fulfill the growing need. They were Dagmar Ferell, Mabel Priester and Erlynne Oglen. The four nurses assisted in bedside care and home instruction.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Alfonso Biggs and the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc., 2003.

Location: Corner of 17th Street & 8th Avenue (across from the backside of Linwood Cemetery) Columbus, Georgia.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  March 9, 2004

The first City Hospital, c. 1841, was located on the South Commons. Called the "Pest House," its clients were charity patients. The second City Hospital, c. 1894, was built across from Linwood Cemetery. Architectural details of the Victorian era hospital included a turret, porte-cochere and covered walkways from white and colored wards leading to a brick operating room, to the left of the building. Columbus' third hospital was built in 1915, with the Colored Department building located to the rear. The Colored Department was three-story brick structure completely fitted with the latest and most modern equipment, providing thirty beds.

The service of midwives in the early years was vital to the health of Columbus' colored patients. The Columbus Colored Medical Assocation was responsible for the building and maintenance of the Colored Department building in 1915. Dr. W.T. Ayers, Dr. E.J. Turner, Dr. D.W. Gallimore, Dr. M.L. Taylor and Dr. Thomas H. Brewer comprised the board. The Public Health Nurse Association began in 1917. The first colored nurse hired was Sarah V. Allen. Three other colored nurses were soon hired to fulfill the growing need. They were Dagmar Ferell, Mable Priester and Erlynne Oglen. The four nurses assisted in bedside care and home instruction.

Location: Warm Springs Road, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 11, 2009

----------------------------> Established through the efforts of the Columbus Chamber of Commerce, Board of Education and local residents, Columbus College opened as a junior college near this site in the renovated Shannon Hosiery Mill on September 22, 1958. The facility had 19 classrooms and opened with 15 faculty and 265 students. Dr. Thomas Y. Whitley was president; there were five academic programs. In 1963, the college was relocated to its permanent home on Gentian Boulevard. In 1965, it became a four-year institution. As the college grew, new majors and masters programs were added, and in 1996 the school officially became Columbus State University.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Columbus State University 2008

<------------------------------------- In 2008, 50 years after its founding, Columbus State University had 80 buildings on three sites (main campus, RiverPark and Oxford, England), 7,590 students, and 278 faculty members. The University offered 50 undergraduate programs and more than 35 masters or specialist programs. The Shannon Mill, where it all began, was razed in 1988, and the Hannan Elementary School was built in its place. More than 20,000 bricks from the mill's old smokestack were salvaged and cleaned by college faculty, staff and students and were used to line the inner arches of the Whitley Clock Tower, built in 1991 in the center of the CSU main campus.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Columbus State University 2008

Location: Linwood Cemetery, Linwood Boulevard, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1998

Since Biblical times when Abraham purchased land to bury his wife Sarah, it has been considered a religious obligation for Jews to set aside land for interring their dead. Often before congregations were established burial societies were formed to peform this sacred act. This site, established by Reform congregation Temple B'nai Isreal, is the first burial ground in Columbus for members of the Jewish faith. The first burial was in 1852. Louis Haiman, famous Civil War arms maker for the Confederacy, is interred here as are ancestors of many prominent Columbus families. Jewish burial traditions continue today in the city's Riverdale Cemetery.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1998

Same

Location: 828 Broadway, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 2002

A pioneer theatrical entrepreneur, Sol Smith, 1801-1869, built many theaters in the Deep South, including New Orleans and Mobile and the first permanent theater west of the Mississippi in St. Louis, a city that he and partner Noah Ludlow dominated. Smith came to Columbus in 1831 to a primitive log structure in the 800 block of Broadway, which builder Asa Bates had completed in one week. "Pizzaro" was his company's first production there. Later, Smith toured Georgia's theater circuit accompanied by friend Mirabeau B. Lamar, founding editor of teh Columbus Enquirer and later second president of the Republic of Texas.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc., 2002

The Springer Opera House, 1871, was the sixth legitimate theater in downtown Columbus. Previous were the Sol Smith, Crawford Street, Lyceum, Concert Hall and Temperance Hall. The early theatrical circuit followed the Old Federal Road through Columbus, as did many well known personalities like English novelist William Makepeace Thackeray and Swedish violinist Ole Bull. During an 1850 visit here by the Canning Company, its manager accidentally wounded John Wilkes Booth, an actor more notorious for assassinating President Abraham Lincoln at Washington's Ford Theater than praised for his histrionics.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc., 2002

Location: 712 Broadway, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  March 25, 1981

This house served as the residence of Dr. John S. Pemberton between 1860-1869. Dr. Pemberton enjoys international prestige as the originator of the formula for Coca-Cola. He moved into this house from the white frame cottage located at 11 Seventh Street. Originally located in the country, four miles north of Columbus, this structure was moved to this site in 1977 to afford it the protection of the Nationally Registered Columbus Historic District.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1980

Same

Location: 1000 block of First Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1989

A Pike County, Alabama native of African-American descent, Dr. Brewer was born November 16, 1894. His office was located at 1025 1/2 First Avenue. Brewer emerged as a chief spokesman for the civil rights of the Negro and was described by Roy Wilkins of the NAACP as a "fearless champion of the rights of his people." His goal to guarantee the Negro the right to vote throughout the State of Georgia and the South was achieved in the Primus King case in 1945. He was a leader of the local chapter of the NAACP and worked tirelessly for racial equality. Brewer was killed by gunshots February 18, 1956 near this site.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Black Entrepreneurs of Columbus, 1989

Same

Location: Talbotton Road, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  February 15, 2008

Bullard grew up in a small shotgun style house near this site. His father, William, was a laborer for the W. C. Bradley Company. Eugene completed the fifth grade at the 28th Street School. Shaken by the death of his mother, Josephine, and the near lynching of his father, Bullard left Columbus as a young teenager. In 1912, he stowed-away on a merchant ship out of Norfolk, Virginia. He spent the next 28 years of his life in Europe.

Erected by the Historic Columbus Foundation and Historic Chattahoochee Commission 2007

In World War I, Bullard earned the Croix de Guerre, France's highest military medal, as an infantryman at the Battle of Verdun. He later flew some 20 missions as a French combat pilot. In the interwar years, he was a musician, club owner, and celebrity in Paris. He married a Parisian society woman with whom he raised two daughters. When Germany conquered France in 1940, Bullard came to New York where he worked in obscurity for the rest of his life.

Erected by the Historic Columbus Foundation and Historic Chattahoochee Commission 2007

Location: Corner of 9th Street and 5th Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1994

The initial congregation of this church was formed by slaves who had attended Ephesus Baptist Church (later First Baptist), since its organization on February 14, 1829. When a new church was built in 1840 the slaves worshipped in the older building. White ministers served the African Baptist Church until 1862 when Rev. Harry Watson became the first black minister. The church was granted a site at Eleventh Street and Sixth Avenue by the Georgia General Assembly but moved to its current location at a cost of $75,000 in 1915. It was renamed First African Baptist Church under the leadership of Rev. J. H. Smith.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and First African Baptist Church, 1994

Same

Location: Twelfth Street between Second and Third Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1989

On February 14, 1829, twelve persons met and organized under the name Ephesus Baptist Church of Columbus. The northern half of this block had been designated to be used for religious purposes in the state survey of 1828, and a small meeting house was built for the church on this site in 1830. This was replaced by a larger frame structure in 1840, the same year the General Assembly of Georgia granted a charter to the Baptist Church of Columbus. The name was changed to First Baptist Church of Columbus, Georgia, in 1896. The present sanctuary was constructed in 1859. The Doric columns and wings were added in this century.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the First Baptist Church, 1989

Same

Location: 1200 block of First Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1990

Near here, in July 1872, the first local public school for black students opened. The school was the result of an action by the City Council directing the Trustees of the Columbus Public Schools to set up classes for blacks. For the first of these, the trustees rented Temperance Hall, built in 1849. Until the 1871 opening of the Springer Opera House, this had been the city's foremost theater. On its stage had appeared many of the opera, music and theater greats of the era. Among them was John Wilkes Booth. The school operated here until 1874 when it was moved to the former AME church on Sixth Avenue.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Muscogee County School District, 1990

Same

Location: Corner of First Avenue and Eleventh Street, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1990

The Presbyterians were granted one of the original church lots in the 1828 Columbus plan. It was on the north side of Chapel St. between Second and Third Avenues. The fourteen charter members, received in 1830, were: Edward Featherston, William Root, James S. Norman, Richard T. Marks, David Dean, Thomas B. McCreary, John Johnson, Mrs. Jane L. Marks, Mrs. Leah J. Norman, Mrs. Harriet A. Root, Mrs. Miriam Dean, Mrs. Sarah DeGraffenried, Mrs. Eliza Bullock, Miss Rebecca Featherston. In 1831 the congregation was granted a lot at the northeast corner of Second Ave. and Tenth St., where services were held for thirty years. The move to Eleventh St. and First Ave. came in 1862.

The First Presbyterian Church building on the northeast corner of Eleventh St. and First Ave. was dedicated in 1862. In 1891 the sanctuary was severely damaged by fire. It reopened for services in 1893. After the fire, the "city" clock was placed in the bell tower. The design of the building is Romanesque. Wings were constructed in 1925 and a free-standing chapel in 1952. Renovations were made in 1969 and an addition in 1974. The General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, U.S. was hosted by First Church in 1982, when the vote to reunite the U.S. and U.S.A. churches was taken. Placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the First Presbyterian Church, 1990

Location: Broadway and 10th Street, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 2008

This watering fountain at Broadway and 10th Street represents the last one of several located in each block down Broadway. It is Columbus' oldest public fountain, dating back to the earliest days of the city. Called the Man and Beast fountain, it contains three watering bowls, one at street level for dogs, a large one in the middle for horses, and a medium-sized one near the top for people. Although we no longer go to public fountains to collect drinking water, fountains offer our community an identity and sense of history in our public spaces.

Erected by Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc. and Historic Chattahoochee Commission 2008

Location: 11000 Fortson Road, Fortson, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  June 14, 2008

Thomas and Elizabeth Almond settled in this area with her orphaned brother Thomas Daniel Fortson in the 1830s. In 1858, as a prominent farmer, Fortson built this Greek Revival Georgian Cottage, its surrounding outbuildings and cotton terraces. He also ran a gristmill on the nearby Heiferhorn Creek during the Civil War. His son, Thomas Willis Fortson, established a general store and was appointed Station Agent and Postmaster for Fortson, Georgia in 1885. The Fortson House has remained continously in the family and was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Historic Columbus Foundation, and Dr. and Mrs. Mark R. Fortson 2008

Originally called Blanchard's Crossing, this area was renamed Fortson in 1885 when the Columbus & Rome Railroad built a station on Fortson property. Thomas Willis Fortson established the Fortson General Store and Post Office, housed from 1904 in the brick building adjacent to the tracks. Luther Getzen Fortson operated the store and post office until 1963. Across the tracks from the store, the Getzen House, built in 1882 for T.W. Fortson's sister, was the home of his in-laws, Samuel Luther and Fannie Mealing Getzen, who organized the Getzen Memorial Baptist Church in 1904.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Historic Columbus Foundation, and Dr. and Mrs. Mark R. Fortson 2008

Location: Fourth Street, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1995

In 1900 the Mt. Canaan Baptist Church was established under the leadership of the Reverends John Bellamy and Willis Carter when a few men and women met under a fig tree on Third Avenue to worship. In 1901 Rev. Bellamy separated from Mt. Canaan to organize a group of fifteen members who worshipped under a brush arbor on Fifth Street as New Mt. Canaan Baptist Church. Rev. Bellamy resigned as pastor in 1901 and was replaced by Rev. Pearson under whose leadership a fifty dollar tract of land was purchased. A shelter was built for worship and became Fourth Street Baptist Church.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1995

Same

Location: Sixth Avenue between Eight and Ninth Streets, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1992

Founded in 1892 at 4th Avenue and 6th Street, the church moved to its permanent home here in January of 1897. The first minister was Rev. J. S. Kelsey, who served the church from 1897-1901. The present building was completed under his leadership. It was enlarged and improved during the long ministry of Rev. R. K. Paschel, 1901-1944. A dream of Rev. Paschel was realized in 1950 with the completion of the educational annex named in his honor. Four other pastors served during the church's first century: A. W. Fortson, 1944-1968; W. H. Smith, 1968-1974; James H. Carter, 1974-1978; and Emmett S. Aniton, Jr., 1979-present. "In this church on the corner, everybody is somebody."

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Friendship Baptist Church, 1992

Same

Location: Broadway at 14th Street, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 2001

George Parker Swift, I, pioneer cotton manufacturer of Georgia, was born Spet. 1, 1815, in Fairhaven, Massachusetts. He moved to Georgia in the early 1840's and started the Tribune Mills at Wynmanville, Upson County, first making cotton thread and yarn, then expanding into cotton weaving. Colonel Swift moved to Columbus in 1865 and in 1867 founded the Muscogee Mills, now the Muscogee Manufacturing Company which has been in continuous operation by the same family owners and has grown to be one of the largest manufacturers of cotton towels and tickings in the world.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Columbus Consolidated Government, 2001

Same

Location: Third Avenue at Fourteenth Street, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1991

This area known as "High Uptown" contains historic residential structures that were built by affluent business and communtiy leaders of the 19th and early 20th centuries. These homes are prototypes of architectural styles in vogue from the 1850's until about 1910. Many of the district's most significant structures are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. This historic district was created in 1986 by the city council of the Columbus Consolidated Government.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1991

A fine example of Queen Anne style architecture, this High Victorian mansion was built in 1881 by Col. Joseph S. Garrett (C.S.A.), Columbus merchant, postmaster, and planter. The house was sold in 1910 to Osborn C. Bullock, a Columbus banker and business leader, whose family resided here until the death of his last surviving daughter, Margaret Bullock Schaefer, in 1985. In 1986, Mr. and Mrs. Jerry DeLay purchased this Columbus landmark from the Historic Columbus Foundation and restored it to its original state of Victorian elegance. This structure was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Garrett-Bullock-DeLay Families, 1991

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  2008

In 1890, availability of lots at Linwood Cemetery, the oldest institution of the Columbus city government, was becoming scarce. At that time, the city acquired additional property on 10th Avenue which became Riverdale Cemetery. The brick building near the entrance, erected in 1915, originally included a chapel, housing for the city sexton and a bell tower atop an arched passageway for funeral processions. Many citizens who have contributed significantly to the development and history of Columbus are buried here.

Erected in memory of Lawrence S. Rosenstrauch by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc. 2008

Through the years, special sections have been marked at the cemetery, including the American Legion for veterans of the armed forces, a separate area for Spanish-American War veterans highlighted by a monument to the Maine, two sections for members of the Jewish community, and an area of miniature lots called 'Baby Land'. In addition, a monument resembling a circus tent was placed by the Kennedy Circus in Section 1 to memorialize those killed in a 1915 accident involving a circus train from the Con T. Kennedy Shows and a Central of Georgia passenger train.

Erected in memory of Lawrence S. Rosenstrauch by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc. 2008

Location: 718 8th Street, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  December 19, 2004

In 1884, a group of black citizens banded together to organize a church. They appealed to the Commissioners of Columbus, Georgia, and obtained a lot on Eighth Street. The first church was completed in 1886 and called Everett Chapel after Newton Everett, one of the original founders and trustees. In 1894, the church was renamed Holsey Chapel, after Bishop Lucius H. Holsey, who played a vital role in the organization of the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1915, Holsey Chapel was destroyed by a storm. A new building was completed in 1919, along with a parsonage. The current brick structure was built in 1946.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Holsey Chapel Christian Methodist Episcopal Church, 2004.

In 1888, Reverend P. W. Powell became pastor of Everett Chapel. When Everett Chapel was renamed Holsey Chapel in 1894, Revered C. T. Shatten served the congregation. Revered Loyd McAfee was pastor from 1904 until 1919. Other pastors have included the Reverends Samuel Dunbar, Lewis Pearcey, Talton Cunningham, Needham Means, John Cochran, Edward Roberts, Frank Rowe and John Parham. Holsey Chapel experienced its greatest growth under the leadership of Edward D. Bryson, who was followed by L. P. Napier. Under the leadership of Reverend Allen Page, III, Holsey Chapel remains strong because of effective leadership and dedicated membership.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Holsey Chapel Christian Methodist Episcopal Church, 2004.

Location: Riverdale Cemetery, 1000 Victory Drive, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 9, 2009

The earliest recorded Jewish burials in Columbus were in historic Linwood Cemetery and in the Raphael Moses family cemetery, Esquiline. When the City of Columbus established Riverdale Cemetery in 1890, Temple Israel purchased a piece of this property which became known as the "Jewish Section." City Council notes of October 8, 1891 show that Mr. H. Sternberg, Treasurer of Temple Israel, paid fifty dollars as the first installment for half of Section Two. In 1896, the Ladies Aid Society noted that the Temple voted for a fence to be erected around this section of Riverdale Cemetery.

In memory of Laurette Rothschild Rosenstrauch by Lawrence S. Rosenstrauch, Jr., Ann Rosenstrauch Kingsbury, the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, and the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc. 2009

Two other sections in Riverdale, both owned by the Shearith Israel Congregation, are also set aside for Jewish burials. A brick wall with a wrought iron gate, located on the northeast boundary of the property, marks one of these areas. Within its confines is the Kravtin Garden, given in 1997 in memory of Maurice Kravtin. Temple Israel and Shearith Israel still own and maintain all three Jewish sections. Many generations of prominent Columbus Jewish families are buried here.

In memory of Laurette Rothschild Rosenstrauch by Lawrence S. Rosenstrauch, Jr., Ann Rosenstrauch Kingsbury, the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, and the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc. 2009

Location: 524 Broadway, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1985

John McIlhenny, Civil Engineer, City Council member and Mayor of Columbus 1873-74, lived in this house in the 1860's. Mr. McIlhenny is recognized as the father of the Columbus public school system. Authorized the Georgia Legislature in December of 1866, Columbus' was the first city-supported school system in the state. Mr. McIlhenny was noted for his invention of the McIlhenny Gas Meter. In 1877, he moved to Philadelphia where his grandson, Henry P. McIlhenny, beame a world-renowned art collector. In 1983 the Historic Columbus Foundation moved the house from 9444 2nd Ave., to this location because it was threatened by demolition.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1985

Same

Location: Opposite 2001 Country Club Road (east of Cherokee Avenue), Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1989

In 1839 citizens first called for the development of a water works system. On this site is located the original source of water for drinking and general household use for Columbus. Beginning in 1844, Leonard Spring, with a discharge of 200,000 gallons a day, provided water to the City through a series of wooden pipes. Water was piped to Broad Street by way of Randolph Street, now known as 12th Street. In the 1880's city water was obtained from Lee County, Alabama. The present water plant on River Road was built in 1916. Since 1844, an ample supply of water has been one of Columbus' greatest assets and a vital fuel for its growth.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Columbus Water Works, 1989

Same

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 2005

Organized in 1869 by slaves, the first church building was built on land donated by Mrs. Emma Jones and Mrs. Nora Felton. The church was called the Bush Arbor Church because the construction and materials used. Reverend Phil Owens was the first pastor. A permanent church was built in 1875. It was a white wooden structure that served as the first school in the area as well as the meeting place for the International Benevolent Society. Renamed Liberty Hill Baptist Church, Inc. in 1956, the church continues to grow and is known as "The Little Church with the Big Heart."

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Liberty Hill Baptist Church, 2005

Same

Location: 903 6th Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 2002

In 1901, George Foster Peabody and his brothers made an offer to the colored men and boys of Columbus to build a YMCA on the condition they raise $1,000, purchase a building lot and get membership of 300 men. On Sunday, April 28, 1901, a mass meeting at St. James AME Church was held and the Ninth Street Branch YMCA was founded with 178 men. About 1902 the lot at 903 Sixth Avenue was purchased. Mr. Peabody and his brothers donated $20,000 to the colored people of Columbus to build the YMCA in 1907. At that time, it was the second modern Negro YMCA building in the country and the first in the South.

The Ninth Street Branch YMCA was dedicated on Tuesday, October 8, 1907. The toastmaster for the evening was Dr. M.L. Taylor and the featured speaker was Dr. Booker T. Washington. Gertrude Pridgett "Ma" Rainey, accompanied by pianist Leila Price, performed "Lift Every Voice and Sing." This song would later become the Negro National Athem. The Ninth Street Branch YMCA entertained over 100,000 men, boys, soldiers and visitors during its existence. From 1907 until its demolition in December of 1963, more than 4,000 men held active memberships in the Association.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Alfonso Biggs, and the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc., 2002

Location: Third Avenue at Fifteenth Street, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1987

This house was built circa 1840 on the present site of First Presbyterian Church, by Philip Thomas Schley. Capt. Schley came to Columbus in 1834 at the request of his brother, Georgia Gov. William Schley, to command the Muscogee Blues, a militia company active in the Indian Wars. In 1858 Capt. Schley sold his lot to the Presbyterians and had the house dismantled, moved and rebuilt at this site, 1445 Second Avenue. The house was later owned by the family of James H. Warner, who had been chief engineer of the Confederate Naval Iron Works in Columbus.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1987

Same

Location: Fourth Avenue between Eleventh & Twelfth Streets, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1992

A Columbus native whose birthplace stood close to this site, Shutze became one of the most prominent American architects of the twentieth century. After graduating from the Georgia Institute of Technology and from Columbia University with degrees in architecture, Shutze studied for several years at the American Academy in Rome, Italy. In the mid-1920's, as a partner in Atlanta's premier architectural firm, Shutze began work on a series of commercial and residential structures that would bring him acclaim from throughout the design world. The Swan House (1926), Shutze's most extraordinary expression of the classical ideal, serves as the headquarters of the Atlanta Historical Society. Shutze is buried in Columbus' historic Linwood Cemetery.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, the Historic Columbus Foundation, and the West Georgia Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, 1992

Same

Location: Across the street from Nazareth Baptist Church, 526 Radcliff Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1993

In the fall of 1914 Radcliff School was organized in Allen Temple A.M.E. Church. At that time it was known as Wynnton Hill School. J. L. Bond was principal and the first head teacher was Mrs. S. A. Cody. When the building burned, the school was relocated to Wynnton Hill Baptist Church and later Primitive Baptist Church. In 1929, the school name was changed to Radcliff after a new building was erected on land purchased through a grant from the Rosenwald Foundation. Mrs. Cody was principal with an enrollment of 100 pupils. Radcliff became a junior high in 1940 and, in 1944, became the second senior high school in Columbus for blacks. Mr. B. F. Mosely was principal from 1935-1952 and Dr. M. A. Clarke and Mr. B. T. Stafford followed him. Radcliff was destroyed by fire in 1971.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Muscogee County School District and Radcliffonians, 1993

Same

Location: In a private cemetery in a subdivision called Liberty Hall off County Line Road, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1987

A veteran of the North Carolina militia in the American Revolution, Christmas is buried here with his wife, Mary Roberson, his son, Nathaniel G. Christmas, and other descendants. Living then in Greene County, Ga., he drew a land lot nearby in present Harris County in the Land Lottery of 1827. He acquired property and moved here before 1835. His home was to the northeast on County Line Road. A marker honoring his military service was placed on his grave by the Button Gwinnett Chapter, D.A.R. with special ceremonies in February 1929.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1987

Same

Location: Fifth Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1994

This one-story Victorian Gothic structure dates back to 1870. The cornerstone of the church indicates that the building was constructed in 1870, with the basement added in 1890. This suggests that the original wooden church was raised, a basement added, and then the entire structure bricked-in. St. John AME Church was originally named St. John Chapel and its congregation descended from tht of St. James AME Church in Columbus. The congregation was forced to move to a new site when the historic structure was severly damaged by a tornado. The Faith Tabernacle Full Gospel Outreach Church bought the St. John AME Church in 1993, committed to its restoration.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Faith Tabernacle Full Gospel Outreach Church, 1994

Same

Location: Northeast corner of Miller and Warm Springs Roads, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1990

Born in Maryland, Cooper served in the South Carolina Militia during the American Revolution and participated in battles at Brandywine, Germantown and Stony Point. After the War he moved to Putnam County, Georgia and later to Muscogee County where he had drawn 202 1/2 acres in the 1827 Lottery. A member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, he is buried with his family in a cemetery which was located in front and south of his home. His last words were, "Jesus is Good." Abandoned many years, the cemetery was reclaimed and restored in May 1989.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission; Coweta Falls Chapter, Sons of the American Revolution; Oglethorpe, George Walton, and Button Gwinett Chapters of the Daughters of the American Revolution 1990

Same

Location: 1112 29th Street, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 19, 2003

Proposed in 1904 by Carleton B. Gibson, Columbus School Superintendent, the Secondary Industrial School is regarded as the nation's first public coeducational industrial high school. G. Gunby Jordan, then President of the School Board, and his son R. C. Jordan donated the land and were instrumental in developing the school. The school was centrally located in Waverly Terrace, a community planned and developed by the Jordan Company, and completed in 1906. The school's name changed to Columbus Industrial High School in 1912 and again in 1939 to Columbus Junior High School.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, the Historic Columbus Foundation and School Alumni, 2003

Designed by the Atlanta firm of J. W. Golucke, the building is of monumental style and scale. Using brick and stone to illustrate the Neo-Classical details, this architectural design was popular for public buildings at the turn of the nineteenth century. The building's appearance has remained essentially unchanged since its opening with only minor alterations and an addition of a rear gymnasium in the 1930s. The interior layout is three floors over an English basement, or "Quincy Plan." Golucke was best known for designing twenty courthouses in Georgia. This structure represents one of his few designs that is not a courthouse.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, the Historic Columbus Foundation and School Alumni, 2003

Location: 1200 Sixth Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1985

The Central of Georgia Railroad's Station, designed by Bruce and Morgan of Atlanta, GA, was erected in 1901. Featuring massive granite arches, it served as the transportation hub of the city for over 70 years. Threatened with demolition in 1984 this landmark, on the Eastern perimeter of the Original City, was saved through the leadership of the Historic Columbus Foundation and the generosity of the Southern Railway System and the Consolidated Government of Columbus and its citizens. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1985

Same

Location: 1002 Sixth Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1985

St. James African Methodist Epsicopal Church was organized in 1863. The present church is built on land granted by act of the Georgia Legislature in 1873. It was erected in 1876 under the pastorate of Rev. Wesley J. Gaines, at a cost of $20,000. Rev. Gaines was the first pastor on record of the church. The graceful central tower and flanking turrets were added in 1886 during the ministry of Rev. L.L. Thomas. St. James AME Church ranks as the second oldest church of the domination in Georgia.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, St. James AME Church, Mrs. Carlton B. Franklin and Fred D. Franklin, Jr., Familes 1985

Same

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  2005

In 1854 twenty Columbus families banded together to form congregation B'Nai Israel, later known as Temple Israel, one of the first Jewish congregations in Georgia. For almost one hundred years religious services were held on this site, first in a wooden structure followed by a classical cathedral style edifice reflecting Synagogue architecture of that era. This two story brick Temple, built in 1886 was dedicated September 2, 1887. The last service held in this location was on March 8, 1958. The congregation then moved into a contemporary building on Wildwood Avenue.

Records exist of Jewish births, marriages, deaths and burials in Columbus following the city's founding in 1828. In 1875, Temple Israel became a founding member of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations, the reform movement's umbrella organization. Temple Israel has continuously functioned as a reform congregation with religious, educational and community outreach programs. The Temple's 150th anniversary was celebrated in 2004.

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  2005

In 1854 twenty Columbus families banded together to form congregation BNai Israel, later known as Temple Israel, one of the first Jewish congregations in Georgia. For almost one hundred years religious services were held on this site, first in a wooden structure followed by a classical cathedral style edifice reflecting Synagogue architecture of that era. This two story brick Temple, built in 1886 was dedicated September 2, 1887. The last service held in this location was on March 8, 1958. The congregation then moved into a contemporarybuilding on Wildwood Avenue.

This marker is dedicated in memory of Alan Friend Rothschild by his sisters and brothers.

Erected by The Historic Chattahoochee Commission and The Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc., 2005

Records exist of Jewish births, marriages, deaths and burials in Columbus following the citys founding in 1828. In 1875, Temple Israel became a founding member of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations, the reform movements umbrella organization. Temple Israel has continuously functioned as a reform congregation with religious, educational and community outreach programs. The Temples 150th anniversary was celebrated in 2004.

This marker is dedicated in memory of Alan Friend Rothschild by his sisters and brothers.

Erected by The Historic Chattahoochee Commission and The Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc., 2005

Location: 2039 13th Street, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1994

In 1836, John Banks and his wife, the former Sarah Watkins, both natives of Elbert Co., Ga., moved to Columbus, bought this property (then totalling 265 acres) in the fashionable suburb of Wynnton and began construction of this Greek Revival house. Already a successful lawyer and merchant, Banks became involved in banking and manufacturing, the operation of large plantations south of the city, and local philanthropy including the co-founding of the Wynnton School on his property. The Cedars, his family residence, boasts 18-inch thick exterior brick walls and interior faux graining and marbling. It has remained continuously in the Banks family.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Banks descendants, 1994

Same

Location: 1846 Buena Vista Road, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  February 20, 2004

In 1844, Lambert Spencer built a simple Greek Revival home detailed with Doric columns and acanthus leaves. In 1868, Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd Bowers enlarged and beautified the home. Mr. Bowers added two hexagonal wings and hired an itinerant painter to paint three ceiling frescoes. Mrs. Bowers, with the help of an English gardener, laid out a formal butterfly-shaped garden. The kitchen was a separate building, joined to the house by a covered porch. Other outbuildings included a two-story servant house, smokehouse, well, wash house, barn and cow shed. The house was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Mrs. Maxwell C. Harden and the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc., 2004.

Location: Dedication date: 2-20-2004

Lambert Spencer moved to Columbus from Talbot County, Maryland in 1828. He purchased twelve acres from William L. Wynn in 1844. Henson G. Estes later received the property from Spencer. In 1862, Lloyd Guyton Bowers, a cotton broker, traveled from Massachusetts to Macon, Georgia, where he married Sarah Tabitha Bartlett. The Bowers soon moved to Columbus and purchased The Elms. The house remained in the Bowers family until 1966 and was then purchased by Allen M. Woodall, Jr. In 1999, Mrs. Maxwell C. Harden, daughter of local builder Thomas Watson Cooper, returned to Columbus and purchased The Elms for her home.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Mrs. Maxwell C. Harden and the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc., 2004.

Location: 1846 Buena Vista Road, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  February 20, 2004

In 1844, Lambert Spencer built a simple Greek Revival home detailed with Doric columns and acanthus leaves. In 1868, Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd Bowers enlarged and beautified the home. Mr. Bowers added tow hexagonal wings and hired an itinerant painter to paint three ceiling frescoes. Mrs. Bowers, with the help of an English gardener, laid out a formal butterfly-shaped garden. The kitchen was a separate building, joined to the house by a covered porch. Other outbuildings included a two-story servant house, smokehouse, well, wash house, barn and cow shed. The house was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

Lambert Spencer moved to Columbus from Talbot County, Maryland in 1828. He purchased twelve acres from William L. Wynn in 1844. Henson G. Estes later received the property from Spencer. In 1862, Lloyd Guyton Bowers, a cotton broker, traveled from Massachusetts to Macon, Georgia where he married Sarah Tabitha Bartlett. The Bowers soon moved to Columbus and purchased The Elms. The house remained in the Bowers family until 1966 and was then purchased by Allen M. Woodall, Jr. In 1999, Mrs. Maxwell C. Harden, daughter of a local builder, Thomas Watson Cooper, returned to Columbus and purchased The Elms for her home.

Location: Twelfth Street near Front Street, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1986

The Columbus Enquirer and The Columbus Ledger have been published from this site since 1930. The Enquirer was founded in 1828 by Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar, later the second president of the Republic of Texas. The Ledger was founded in 1886 by Edward T. Byington and his wife, Elia G. Byington. In 1893, The Ledger was purchased by Rinaldo William Page. The Page family purchased The Enquirer in 1930 and owned both newspapers until they were sold to Knight Newspapers, Inc., now Knight-Ridder, Inc., in 1973. Both have won the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service, journalism's highest award, The Enquirer in 1926 and The Ledger in 1955. The Mditerranean-style building was completed in 1930 and placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the R. W. Page Corporation, 1986

Same

Location: 1440 Second Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 2000

James A. Rankin came to Columbus from yrshire, Scotland and in 1839 married Agnes Affleck. Mr. Rankin was a planter and owner of the Rankin Hotel and Rankin Realty Co. This high style Italianate mansion was built between 1860 and 1870. Lawrence Wimberly Wall was the architect. In 1898, the Rankin House, valued at $18,500, was the finest home in Columbus. After the Civil War, Mr. Rankin returned to Scotland and turned the home over to his eldest child, Mrs. Emma Jane Rankin Lockhart. Two of his sons, Edwin and John A. became prominent local businessmen. Granddaughters of James A. Rankin, Mrs. George Walden and Mrs. Albert Driver, lived in the home until the 1950's.

Miss Emily Woodruff donated the house to the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc. as a memorial to her father, James Waldo Woodruff, Sr. The courtyard is a memorial to Charlie Frank Williams, Sr. Restoration and furnishing were accomplished through the Foundation, the Junior League of Columbus and the Columbus Town Committee of The National Society of The Colonial Dames of America. The fence formerly surrounded the Broadway townhouse of Civil War General Henry Lewis Benning.

Erected by the Historic Columbus Foundation, Inc.; Descendants of James A. Rankin; and the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 2000

Location: 1100 block of First Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1989

The cornerstone of Trinity Episcopal Church was laid in 1890. The present church replaced the congregation's first building, which stood across the street at 1140 First Avenue. Since its founding in 1834, Trinity has held regular worship services in Columbus. The church added a parish house in 1925-26, with further expansion completed in 1965. Trinity serves the oldest and largest Episcopal congregation in Columbus. The only Gothic Revival church in the city, it possesses architectural significance that shows kinshi to English countryside churches; Gothic arches and a square bell tower are distinctive features.

The nave seats five hundred. Stained glass memorial windows and marble floors enhance the dignified reverence of the setting. Two large brass chandeliers, originally gas burning, light the nave. Lewis C. Allen and H. H. McClintock served as first Wardens. The Vestry included E. L. DeGraffenried, Charles A. Peabody, John Forsyth, Jr., John A. Urquhart, George Hargraves, Jr., John E. Davis, and Mr. Lively. One of Columbus' founders, Dr. DeGraffenried, held the charter meeting of the church in his home on First Avenue, then Oglethorpe Street, a site now owned by the Church.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Trinity Episcopal Church, 1989

Location: 3662 Victory Drive, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  June 14, 2008

On August 15, 1945, celebrating the surrender of Japan which ended World War II, the Muscogee County Commission unanimously voted to rename the boulevard extending from Columbus to Fort Benning as Victory Drive. Commissioner L.R. Aldridge state, "No time could be more appropriate than the day following the night when we know victory is ours." Ft. Benning Commanding General William H. Hobson responded to the gesture: "We believe that so designating the highway as 'Victory Drive' will be long-lived testimonial to the men and women of Georgia, and the men and women who have trained at Fort Benning during World War II, for their contributions to Victory."

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Victory Coalition 2008

Location: 716 Broadway, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  March 25, 1981

Moveable, prefabricated houses similar to this Federal Cottage were available for purchase by settlers participating in the Land Lot Sale of 1828. Original owner, Colonel Virgil Walker of Harris County, transferred the lot and "all improvements" to Mrs. Dicey Peters, mother of Mrs. William Langdon. Six generations of the Langdon Family subsequently owned the house, traditionally known as the oldest in Columbus. The Historic Columbus Foundation acquired the property in 1966.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1980

Same

Location: 800 Tenth Avenue, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1990

On this site, on November 29, 1930, the first local high school for colored students opened. The school was the result of a grant from the Rosenwald Foundation and was named in honor of William Henry Spencer, Supervisor of the Colored Schools in Muscogee County from 1912-1925. The first principal was Professor F. R. Lampkin, who also served as Supervisor of Colored Schools in Muscogee County from 1930-1945. The teaching staff consisted of 15 members. T. Hicks Fort was President of the Board of Education.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Muscogee County School District, 1990

Same

Location: 708 Broadway, Columbus, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1988

The 1840's Woodruff Farm House was originally located eight miles east of Columbus on land adjoining the old road to Macon, Georgia. The dwelling was enlarged and used as a summer residence by the Woodruff family during the 1920's. When development endangered this structure, it was donated to the Historic Columbus Foundation and placed on this site in 1986. Moved from its original location ten miles from this site, the cabin on this lot is an example of the kind of log building used by traders in the early 1800's, prior to the settlement of Columbus in 1828.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Historic Columbus Foundation, 1988

Same

Location: West side of US Highway 82 in Georgetown, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1993

A memorial to our beloved Alma Mater. Georgetown High School was established and graduated the first class in 1926. It became accredited in 1932 and continued annual graduations under this name through 1971. The life of the school was less than half a century. In this brief time, from her halls walked many graduates filled with knowledge, integrity and patriotism to pass on for generations. In the grand auditorium students learned to love God, their country and their school. Though with doors closed, these values echoed within her walls until the building was destroyed by fire in July 1990.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Georgetown High School Alumni, 1993

Hail to thee, our Alma Mater Hail to Georgetown High. May she never be forgotten as the days pass by. She's the best--we'll always hail her--she will never die. Hail to thee our Alma Mater, Dear old Georgetown High. Written by Class of 1941 SUPERINTENDENTS OF THE SCHOOL: Henry M. Kaigler Ralph M. Balkcom, Sr. Frances K. House George M. Phillips

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Georgetown High School Alumni, 1993

Location: U.S. Highway 82 in front of the Quitman County Courthouse, Georgetown, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  May 18, 1980

The original jail was a wood structure built in 1859. It was replaced in 1891 with this brick structure which is typical of rural jails built during this period in southeast Alabama and southwest Georgia counties. The Commissioners in 1890-1891 were: J. E. Harris, Dr. F. M. Bledsoe, J. P. Kimble and W. A. Cumbie. Judge of Superior Court: James H. Guerry; Ordinary: M. L. Albritton; Clerk of Court: G. A. Whitaker; Quitman County's first sheriff was Sam Guerry.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1980

Same

Location: On Lumpkin Road from Morris, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1980

Organized as a non-denominational church in 1837, Union United Methodist Church is the oldest church in Quitman County. Thirty-four charter members constituted its initial membership. Among them were Mrs. George Ellis, the first charter member, and Mrs. Adelyn Lee Crumbley, who donated the land for the original church. The present 1867 structure replaces the original log building. Trustees in 1867 were: Abraham Shields, John Phillips, Thomas S. Bryant, James W. Lewis, and James Suggs.

The church building is surrounded by a cemetery. The oldest marked graves date from the 1850's. The present land was purchased from J. J. Crumbley and the deed was recorded in 1865. Homemade church benches are still in use. The communion table, assembled with pegs by Jehu Phillips, was used until the 1960's. Union Church is in the Georgetown charge and remains active.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1980

Location: Lumpkin Road from Morris, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  April 27, 1980

Organized as a non-denominational church in 1837, Union United Methodist Church is the oldest church in Quitman County. Thirty-four charter members constituted its initial membership. Among them were Mrs. George Ellis, the first charter member, and Mrs. Adelyn Lee Crumbley, who donated the land for the original church. The present 1867 structure replaces the original log building. Trustees in 1867 were: Abraham Shields, John Phillips, Thomas S. Bryant, James W. Lewis, and James Suggs.

The church building is surrounded by a cemetery. The oldest marked graves date from the 1850's. The present land was purchased from J. J. Crumbley and the deed was recorded in 1865. Homemade church benches are still in use. The communion table, assembled with pegs by Jehu Phillips, was used until the 1960's. Union Church is in the Georgetown charge and remains active.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1980

Location: 202 Pine Street, Cuthbert, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1985

Dr. Fred Patterson was born in Stewart Co., GA., attended South Georgia Agriculture College, Cuthbert, graduated Vanderbilt University School of Medicine 1890. He practiced in Lumpkin four years before moving to Cuthbert in 1894. Here he used his extraordinary medical abilities and human concern to bandage skinned knees or perform difficult surgical procedures with anesthetist Dr. Francis Martin, of Shellman. He held offices in and was honored by the American Medical Association, the Medical Association of Georgia and the Second District Medical Society which he organized.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, the City of Cuthbert, Randolph County Commission, Randolph Historical Society, 1985

On this site, in this house, Dr. Frederic Patterson established the first hospital in this section of Georgia, January, 1916. It contained an operating room and four beds for inpatients. Joined by his nephew, Dr. J.C. Patterson, they moved the hospital to the Rumph House October 1919. They later bought the old two-story schoolhouse and moved the hospital there December, 1925. Fire destroyed this building on the night of February 19, 1946. Dr. J.C. Patterson returned to the Rumph House and began construction on the present hospital which opened on July 1, 1947.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commisison, the City of Cuthbert, Randolph County Commission, Randolph Historical Society, 1985

Location: 1016 Andrew Street, Cuthbert, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  September 27, 1986

Fletcher H. Henderson (1857-1943), pioneer Georgia educator, built this home in 1888 and lived here until his death. Principal of nearby Howard Normal-Randolph School 1880-1942, his contributions to education won professional recognition and enriched the lives of a multiple of students. Fletcher Henderson, Jr. (1897-1952), born here, developed one of the earliest "Big Bands." A pianist and composer, he was a pioneer in "swing" music. He was Down Beat Magazine Arranger of the Year in 1938 and 1940. The Hendersons are buried near here in Greenwood Cemetery.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Friends of the Henderson Family, 1986

Same

Location: Corner of North Lumpking Street and Pearl, Cuthbert, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 2001

The first formal meeting to organize a library association was held at Andrew College in April 1878 with Dr. A. L. Hamilton presiding. The thirteen members of the Cuthbert Library Club offered their book collections, and Judge John T. Clark offered space in his office for the headquarters. The Cuthbert Book Club, operating from 1905-1905, was the next library organization. In 1917, a library board consisting of Mrs. J. B. Bussey, Chair; Mrs. Julian B. Edings, Mrs. John D. Gunn, Mrs. Charlie Harris, Mrs. G. Y. Moore, A. A. Lockett, A. C. Moye, B. B. Teabeaut and E. C. Teel was appointed to work with the Cuthbert Woman's Club to secure funding from the Andrew Carnegie Foundation.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Randolph Historical Society, 2001

To raise the matching funds, the Cuthbert Woman's Club spearheaded the effort by having oyster suppers, a womanless wedding, turkey dinners, and ice cream festivals. The first brick was laid on October 17, 1917. On September 5, 1918, the debt was cleared, and the library was officially dedicated. Emily Hillyer Owen became the first librarian. The next librarian, Ida Domingos, served for 27 years. The Carnegie Library Building became the Randolph Chamber of Commerce headquarters in 1997 when the new building was built.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Randolph Historical Society, 2001

Location: Rosedale Cemetery, off U.S. Highway 82 East, Cuthbert, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  August 24, 1980

The first church building in Cuthbert was erected on this site in 1839. Deacons Stephen Lundy and Allen Moye bought this lot from Jane Reynolds in 1837. The congregation of Mt. Zion Baptist Church, constituted in 1831, moved from their former location on Eufaula Road and constructed a frame building 30 feet by 40 feet with glass windows. In 1852 a new church was built facing College Street and renamed Cuthbert Baptist Church.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Randolph County Historical Society, 1980

Same

Location: Town Square, Cuthbert, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  March 28, 1980

The area of this Square marks the site of the first and second courthouses of Randolph County. The first, a two-story frame building, was erected in 1836. It was replaced in 1842 by a brick structure with entrances facing in four directions. A high fence with four stiles enclosed the area. When the present courthouse, one block north, was completed in 1886, this "old courthouse lot" was conveyed to the City of Cuthbert "for use as a public park forever."

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Randolph County Historical Society, 1980

Same

Location: City Park adjacent to the Lions Hall on Wiley Avenue, Donalsonville, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  October 5, 1980

According to a map "Plan of Donalsonville" dated April 1889, the town was laid out by John Earnest Donalson. On December 8, 1897, a charter, signed by Governor William Yates Atkinson, was granted incorporating the Town of Donalsonville. Officers appointed were: Thomas Chason, Mayor; John E. Donalson, W. B. King, S. D. Cherry, R. D. Carr, Aldermen. This charter was amended August 12, 1922, and the name changed to City of Donalsonville.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the City of Donalsonville, 1980

Same

Location: Off Georgia Highway 39, in Seminole State Park, sixteen miles south of Donalsonville, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  April 11, 1981

Located in Seminole County, near the forks of he Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers, was a town of Hitchiti-speaking, Lower Creek Indians. A Spanish mission, Santa Cruz de Sabacola el Menor, was established there in 1675. By 1685, English traders from Charles Town had contact with the Lower Creeks. The English in Carolina and the Spanish in Florida were both seeking the alliance of the tribe.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Seminole County Commission, 1980

Spanish efforts to establish missions further up the Chattahoochee were unsuccessful and the Christianized portion of the Indians moved south to Sabacola. In 1717, the pro-Spanish Indian leader Cherokeeleche (Cherokee-killer) built a stockade on the site. The town was abandoned after a raid by pro-English Indians in 1724. The site of Sabacola is now under the waters of Lake Seminole.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Seminole County Commission, 1980

Location: Intersection of GA Highway 253 & County Road 12, Reynoldsville, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1991

On this site was situated the Reynoldsville Post Office from April 5, 1898 to April 20, 1913. The community was named by the Post Office Department in honor of Reuben Arthur Reynolds who served as its first postmaster. He was a pioneer environmentalist who practiced forestry managment and soil conservation on his vast land holdings of several thousand acres. Reynolds erected the post office building directly across the road in front of his home. After the Reynoldsville Post Office was discontinued, the building was used as a jail before it was razed about 1945.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the descendants of R. A. Reynolds, 1991

This prominent agriculturist was born in Clinton, North Carolina on November 4, 1848. In 1850 he moved with his family to Decatur County, Georgia. At the age of 15 he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as a private in Company I, Third Regiment Infantry, Georgia Reserves. Reynolds was married four times and fathered twelve children whom he taught to be frugal and faithful stewards of the land. He was an active and faithful member of Bethany Baptist Church. Reynolds died on September 21, 1922 and is interred in the Bethany Cemetery.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the descendants of R. A. Reynolds, 1991

Location: US Highway 27, Louvale, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1986

Built in the 1850's, the school was operated by the Antioch Primitive Baptist Church until it was sold to Stewart County in 1895. The building is believed to have been used for church services until the handsome building to the south was erected for that purpose about 1885. The county operated the Louvale High School here until 1928 when the upper grades were transferred to Lumpkin. The elementary school remained until 1942. The school is now used as the Louvale Community House which serves as the home for the Sybil and John B. Richardson School of Sacred Harp Singing.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Antioch Primitive Baptist Church, 1986

Same

Location: U.S. Highway 27, Georgia Highway 27, (Courthouse Square), Lumpkin, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1980

The Bedingfield Inn or Tavern was constructed on this site in 1836 by Dr. Bryan N. Bedingfield as a family residence and stagecoach stop. It was a center for commercial and community activities and a one-day's travel from Columbus, Fort Gaines, Americus, and Eufaula, Alabama. Also known as the "Harrell House," "Cuba House" and "Ard House," it continued as a hotel or boarding house into the 1930's. In 1965, it was purchased by the Stewart County Historical Commission and restored as an 1840 house museum.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Stewart County Historical Commission, 1980

Same

Location: Cemetery by the railroad tracks, Richland, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1988

In 1832 Henry Audulf gave 8 acres of this land for two churches and a cemetery. A native of Germany, Audulf was the first settler here. Methodist and Baptist churches were built. A few years later both were destroyed by a tornado. Only the Methodists rebuilt here. In 1912 the congregation moved to a new church. This cemetery alone remains of Audulf's gift. Here rest many of Richland's earliest citizens including Audulf's son, John; his granddaughter, Mary Ann Audulf; and her husband, Dr. Jubilee Smith, physician, minister and prominent Mason, who also served the community as pharmacist and dentist.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Richland Garden Club, 1988

Same

Location: In front of the courthouse, Lumpkin, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1986

This handsome structure as built in 1895 in the Classical style made popular by the buildings housing the Columbian Exposition in Chicago (1893-94) to which Lumpkin-born architect John Wellborn Root was a major contributor. It replaced a wooden courthouse built on the same site in 1837. The first seat of county government in 1831 was a small frame structure elsewhere on this square. In 1922 a fire destroyed the interior of the present building which was rebuilt in fire-resistent materials. Fully refurbished in 1985, the building contains county offices, the Superior Court and virtually complete county records.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Stewart County Commission, 1986

Same

Location: In front of the Kirbo Interpretive Center, Florence Marina State Park, Omaha, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1992

Located on this site was the frontier town of Florence, which was incorporated on December 14, 1837 after the Creek Indians burned the nearby town of Roanoke in 1836. Florence was originally named Liverpool after the English port city. For many years the town flourished and could boast of a covered bridge linking it to Alabama, a newspaper, bank and hotel. Florence began to decline after the flood of 1846 washed away the bridge and the town was later bypassed by the railroad. The town site is now occupied by a few scattered homes, farmland and Florence Marina State Park which takes its name form the former community.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, and Stewart County 1992

Same

Location: Green Grove Road SW - about 8 miles SW of Old Eufaula Highway, Lumpkin, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 2000

The old schoolhouse was moved to the Green Grove community from the nearby community of Wesley Chapel and rebuilt at this site c. 1937. During the next 21 years the school produced many professionals which included a large number of teachers. The Stewart County Board of Education closed the school in 1958 and sold it to the African American trustees in the community. Green Grove was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. Today the complex continues to serve the religious, educational and cultural needs of families and friends whose lives have been shaped by the historic church and schoolhouse.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Friends of the Green Grove Missionary Baptist Church, School and Cemetery Complex, 2000

This church served as the focus for the religious, educational and cultural life of African Americans in the Green Grove community during the late 19th century and well into the 20th century. Deacons Perry Hudson, Isaac Shorter and Lewis Cherry held the first church assembly under a brush arbor in 1886. The first church building was destroyed by a tornado c. 1919 and the second house of worship was consumed by a fire c. 1924. The congregation then moved the church to the present site which is three miles south of the original location.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Friends of the Green Grove Missionary Baptist Church, School and Cemetery Complex, 2000

Location: US 280, Richland, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1986

First settled in 1827, Richland was named for the home district of several pioneer families from South Carolina. The community became a busy railroad junction when the Savannah, Americus and Montgomery and the Columbus Southern rail lines met here in 1889. Richland was incorporated in 1890. By 1913, the city had 3 banks, 3 hotels, 25 stores, guano factory, cotton seed oil mill, Coca-Coca bottling plant and other enterprises. The older part of the city is a historic district listed in the National Register of Historic Places as significant in areas of city planning, transportation, architecture and social history.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the City of Richland 1986

Same

Location: US Highway 27, Louvale, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1986

Originally Antioch, the town developing at the terminus of the Savannah, Americus and Montgomery (Little SAM) Railroad, was renamed Louvale in 1886.

Antioch Primitive Baptist Church, founded 1832 in Pleasant Valley, moved to Moccasin Gap 1842 and here 1851. Present church was erected c. 1885 to replace original log structure.

Marvin Methodist Church, founded 1830 in Green Hill. Moved here 1990 when present building was erected.

New Hope Baptist Church, constituted 1860 two miles from here. Moved to present building in 1901.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Louvale Community, 1986

Same

Location: Seven miles west of Lumpkin, Georgia, via Georgia Highway 39 connector

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1980

Providence Church, when first organized, 1832-33, was a log building on the south side of the road. Two acres were donated by David Lowe for a church and school (Providence Academy). This land is now between two of the canyons. The present building was built in 1859, on the north side of the Old Lumpkin-Florence Road. Many Stewart County pioneer families are in the cemetery. Charter members were Goodes, Lowes, Worthingtons, Perkins, Kirkpatricks, Seays, Pitts, Adams, Shermans, and Pattersons.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Stewart County Historical Commission, 1980.

Location: Westville 1850's Village, Lumpkin, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  January 1, 1988

On October 12, 1973 an informal group of fifty persons, having an interest in several areas of academic research, met at Westville's Yellow Creek campmeeting tabernacle for a three day symposium to discuss a subject of mutual concern. They came from across the nation to share information about evidence of transoceanic contacts between precolumbian Americans and ancient peoples of Europe, Asia and Africa. A major problem was popular skepticism resulting from the scholarly dictum of NEBC (No Europeans Before Columbus).

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Institute for the Study of American Cultures, 1988

The first Westville Symposium on precolumbian transoceanic contacts was a significant event in American historiography and was followed by similar meetings here in 1974 and 1975. More than 150 people participated in this series of talks. Many of those who assembled at Westville have become leaders in the revisionist movement in American history that has grown since that time. Although strongly resisted by conservatives, this new history promises a more accurate understanding of precolumbian Americans as an interacting component of world society and not as an isolated culturally backward segment of mankind as the NEBC school had taught.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commisison and the Institute for the Study of American Cultures, 1988

Location: Intersection of E. Depot and Daniel Street, LaGrange, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1997

East Depot High School, constructed in 1923, began in 1866 as LaGrange Academy. East Depot provide education for African-Americans in LaGrange. The school produced many outstanding alumni with careers in education, business, law, medicine, religion, science, the arts, government and the Armed Forces. EDHS closed in 1970 when it merged into LaGrange High School. Graduates will always remember their pride in "The Wolverines" and the dedicated service of the educators.

Erected by Alumni of East Depot High School, Troup County Historical Society, and the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1997

Same

Location: At the courthouse, LaGrange, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1986

Born in LaGrange July 15, 1870, Fuller E. Callaway was a textile manufacturer, merchant, and philanthropist. In 1888, he established his first business on LaFayette Square just west of this point. Organizing and operating textile mills, banks, warehouses and department stores, Callaway helped modernize LaGrange's economy. Examples of his concern for the social and educational development of employees and residents can be found throughout LaGrange and the State of Georgia. When he died in 1928, Callaway was one of the world's leading textile manufacturers.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Troup County Historical Society, 1986

Same

Location: On the lawn of the Troup County Courthouse, LaGrange, GA

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1980

George Michael Troup was born September 8, 1780 and died April 26, 1856. During Troup's tenure as Governor of Georgia (1823-1827), Troup County was created on December 16, 1826. Boundaries of original Troup County extended from the Flint River on the east to the Chattahoochee River on the west. East and southern boundaries were reduced on December 24, 1827, to its approximate present size. Governor Troup was buried in Montgomery County, Georgia. He was twice married and father of six children.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Ocfuskee Historical Society, 1980.

Location: Greenville Street at King Street, LaGrange, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1989

Born a slave September 8, 1807, Horace King became a noted builder of covered bridges and public buildings. His talents developed under the instruction of his master and friend, John Godwin. In 1846, Godwin secured King's freedom through the Alabama Legislature. King used the Town lattice truss design on bridges throughout the South. With his sons, he built at least four bridges across the Chattahoochee River in Troup County. King served two terms in the Alabama Legislature before moving to LaGrange in 1873. He lived with his family in the King Street area which was named for King and son, Marshall. King died May 28, 1885 and is buried near the Confederate Cemetery on Miller Street.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and Troup County Historical Society, 1989

Same

Location: Highway 219 & 18 Intersection, West Point, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1994

Troup and Harris County residents first settled at the crossroads of the LaGrange-Whitesville-Columbus Stagecoach route and the West Point to King's Gap Road in the late 1820's. Named for local landowner, Christopher Columbus Jones (1831-1904 and his son Monroe, Jones Crossroads once had several flourishing businesses, including a cotton gin, a racehorse track, a tavern, and a U.S. post office called Paulina. Monroe Jones established the rock store in 1903 which members of the Avery Family have owned and operated since the 1920's. Just south of here is Union Baptist Church, established in 1838, and the site of Union Academy and the Jessie Wisdom Institute.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Troup County Historical Society, 1994

Same

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  June 22, 2004

Constructed in 1931, Tenth Street School provided an education for African-Americans in all grades. Over the years, graduates distinguished themselves in education, law, medicine, religion, government, and military. In 1956, a new school was built for high school students and Tenth Street became an elementary school. In 1970, Tenth Street was integrated to serve all West Point students, grades four through seven. Students were transferred in the mid-1970s to the former Harrison High and the school was demolished. Alumni are forever indebted to the principals and teachers who gave them a start at Tenth Street School.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, The Charter Foundation and Alumni of Tenth Street School, 2004.

Location: Intersection of Morgan Street and New Franklin Road, LaGrange, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1995

The first school in Troup County opened in LaGrange in 1828, just months after the county's organization. Located just east of this spot, Troup Academy shared the lot with Hill View Cemetery. The county owned the building while a Board of Trustees operated the Boys School. State money, called Poor School Funds, supplemented tuition at Troup and LaGrange Female Academies. The City of LaGrange bought and moved the school to Hill Street in 1838, renamed it LaGrange High School and began using these grounds exclusively as a cemetery. Noted early teachers included Orville A. Bull and Blount C. Ferrell.

Erected by the Troup County Historical Society, the Key Club of Troup High School, and the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1995

Same

Location: Flat Shoals Creek on U.S. Highway 27, ten miles south of LaGrange, GA

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1980

Troup Factory, first cotton mill in Troup County, Georiga, was established in 1846 on Flat Shoals Creek by Robertson, Leslie & Co., of Meriwether County. Water powered carding, spinning and weaving, in a massive four-storied mill, produced famed quality sheetings and osnaburgs until 1899. In 1902, L. M. Park bought and removed the mill to LaGrange. Maxey Brooks (1796-1861), pioneer millwright, built an important gristmill on the site in 1829 and sold it to the Company in 1846.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission, 1980

Location: Main Street just northeast of Maple Street at the cemetery, Hogansville, Georgia

Marker Dedication or Erection Date:  1986

William Hogan, born January 20, 1804, established a plantation in the 1830's encompassing much of the present town of Hogansville. When he gave the right-of-way to the railroad in 1849, he stipulated that a depot be built where the railroad crossed the old Augusta Highway. Following his death in 1861, his son-in-law John Pullin sold the land for business and residential use. Hogansville was chartered in 1870. The Victorian house southwest of the cemetery occupies almost the same spot as the original Hogan House which burned in 1899. The existing house was built by Hogan's granddaughter, Eugenia Pullin Word, in 1901.

Erected by the Historic Chattahoochee Commission and the Troup County Historical Society, 1986

Same